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IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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^i^  IIIIIM 

1^    12.2 


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Hiotographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WES'  MAIN  '  TKeEV 

WEBSTER,  f-lY.     4580 

(716)  871-4S03 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


\ 


\ 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


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D 


D 


D 
D 
D 

n 


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10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


V 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


2nx 


38X 


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empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED "),  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END  "), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  —^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  !e 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


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different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film6s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  film6  A  partir 
de  Tangle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nicessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

6 

6 

^... 


4/  '^^ 


cT 


COMMERCE  OF  THE  LAKES. 


A     BRIEF     SKETCH 


OF  THE 


COMMERCE 


or   THE 


GREAT 

NOETHEM  AND  WESTERN 

LAKES 

FOR    A   SERIES    OF   YEARS; 

TO    WHICH    18    ADDED, 

AN  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  BUSINESS  DONE  THROUGH  BUFFALO 

ON  THE  ERIE  CANAL, 

FOR  THE   YEAR3 

184  5    AND    1846. 

ALSO,    REMARKS    AS   TO 

THE    TRUE    CANAL   POLICY 

OF  THE  STATE  OF  NEW-YORK. 


BY   JAMES    L .    BARTON. 


BUFFALO: 
PRESS   OF   JEWETT,   THOMAS  &   CO. 


Commercial  Advertiser  Office. 


1847. 


wiW"*\.W^'"'-'^f'     M--  'I'-Jii'm,  mi"v 


\ 


uititiimaL   iiiimi  wnfiiiii  I  fim 


!!j)HJi'JI|f«!H 


imr 


PRErAC*E. 


1  have  at  (litloront  times,  through  the  press  of  this  city,  given  slight 
sketches  of  the  Coininerce  of  our  "Inland  seas,"  the  great  Northern  and 
Western  Lakes,  noting  its  growth  from  one  period  to  another,  ft  had 
acquired  such  importance  from  the  magnitude  of  its  transactions,  tiiat  there 
was  something  more  due  to  it  than  the  merely  slight  sketches  it  had 
received.  In  May,  1845,  I  published  in  pamphlet  form,  a  running 
account  from  the  facts  I  had  collected  for  a  long  number  of  years  respect, 
ing  it,  which  had  been  almost  entirely  forgotten.  The  appearance  of 
this  pamphlet  created  a  strong  sennation  with  the  public,  who  were  sur- 
prised  that  a  business  reaching  in  value  at  that  period,  nearly  in  amount 
to  the  foreign  export  trade  of  the  whole  country,  had  so  sutldenly 
sprung  up  on  these  Lakes,  unobserved,  in  so  short  a  period.  The  demand 
for  that  pamphlet  has  not  ceased — to  this  day  applications  are  made  for 
it  from  all  quarters.  It  has  been  read  and  pondered  over,  and  doubts  have 
arisen  whether  it  was  possible  the  facts  stated  could  be  true. 

To  remove  these  doubts,  and  place  this  great  business  bcf(»re  the  world 
with  such  evidence  as  would  dispel  them,  I  have  this  year  resum- 
ed  the  sid)ject,  and  gone  much  into  detail  of  what  cotnposes  this 
Commerce.  A  portion  of  the  matter  contained  in  this  pamphlet  has 
already,  within  a  tew  days,  appeared  in  a  series  of  numbers  in  the  columns 
of  the  Commercial  Advertiser  of  this  city.  A  very  general  expression  of 
my  fellow  citizens  has  been  made  to  me,  to  revise  and  extend  these  series 
by  more  detailed  exhibit*,  in  kind,  of  what  forms  this  business  :  that  these 


PREFACE. 

toportant  fact.  and.  intercsling  reminiscences  ,„ay  be  placed  in  a  more 
Ivonient  form,  and  safer  depository  than  a  newspaper.       l,ave  compUed 
vHh  their  desire.    In  doing  so,  I  must  in  justice  to  myself,  beg  leave  to 
lav  it  has  no  pretensions  to  literary  merit.    I  only  cla.m  the  mer,    of 
lallnl  eloselv  observed,  like  a  business  man,  the  changes  that  are  rap>d  y 
^rgVn  -rlL  hitherto  little  known  regions  of  the  West:  forthe  truth- 
fiilness  of  its  statements,  thousands  are  ready  to  avouch, 
^d^srlthe  reader  to  give  the  table  appended,  a  careful  exammat .o,. 
and  he  ^ill  see  that  this  commerce  of  the  Lakes  is  no.  local  or  conhncd  to 
any  one  State,  but  that  it  ifthe  principal  channel  of  a  great  many  feta.cs, 
who  use  it  most  extensively  for  the  transacting  of  their  busmess. 

J.  L.  BARTON. 

Buff'do,  February,  1847. 


i 


1 


I 

I 

I 

i 


A    BRIEF    SKETCH 


OK   THK 


COMMERCE  OF  THE   LAKES 


AND 


THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


Last  May  I  published,  in  pamphlet  form,  a  letter, 
addressed  to  the  Hon.  Robert  McClelland,  Chairman 
of  the  Com.  on  Commerce,  in  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives, Washing-ton,  relative  to  the  value  and  importance  of 
the  Commerce  of  the  firreat  Western  Lakes.  In  that 
letter  I  g-ave  a  hasty  sketch  of  the  rise  and  g-rowth  of  this 
commerce,  obtained  from  personal  knowledge  and  collec- 
tion of  statistics  for  a  g-reat  many  years,  antecedent,  and 
down  to  the  close  of  1845.  In  the  October  number  of 
Hunt's  valuable  Mag-azine,  it  was  published  very  much  at 
large, — and  in  this  manner  secured  from  loss  important 
statistical  facts,  which  will  be  of  g-reat  importance  at  some 
coming-  period,  when  the  future  historian  shall  write  the 
early  history  of  the  Western  country  :  valuable,  not  only 
for  this  purpose,  but  for  a  g-reater,  as  forming-  a  basis  and 
safe  g-uide  to  legislators,  national  and  state,  and  others,  in 
devising  measures  to  bring-  into  full  operation  the  vast  and 


6 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


■  ! 

I 


v 
M 

•  i 

^  i 
If  i 


inexhaustible  resources  of  this  g-reat  and  rapidly  growing 
portion  of  our  country. 

I  now  propose  to  continue  this  subject  by  an  exliibit  of 
tlie  business  of  1846.     Tlie  great  increase  tliis  year,  in  all 
the  more  valuable  agricultural  productions  over  former 
years,  cannot  fail  to  attract  j)ublic  attention  to  the  impor- 
tance of  this  growing  trade,  and  shadow  forth  tlie  value 
of  the  great  West  to  the  mercantile,  manufacturhig  and 
commercial  interests  of  the  sea-board. 
'     The  West ! — a  name  given  only  a  i'ew  years  since  to  a 
remote,  boundless  and  unsettled  wilderness,  inhabited  only 
by  roving  bands  of  wild  Indians  and  savage  animals, — 
visited  only  by  the  Indian  trader,  or  some  romantic  spirit 
pleased  with  the  novelty  of  an  adventure  into  unknown 
regions, — a  country  which  it  appeared  centuries  must  pass 
away  before  settlement  and  civilization  would  occupy  it — 
has  suddenly,  as  if  by  magic,  with  the  powerful  aid  of 
steam,  and  the  indomilablf  enterprise,  industry  and  perse- 
verance of  a  free  people,  with  the  blessings  of  free  institu- 
tions, securing  to  all  the  fruits  of  their  own  labor,  been 
reclaimed  from  the  wilderness.     All  physical  difficulties 
have  been  overcome,  this  vast  region  of  country  has  been 
penetrated  in  all  quarters,  and  in  the  place  where  once  stood 
the  wigwam  of  the  savage,  is  now  found  the  school-house, 
the  mechanic  shop,  the  temples  of  religion  and  science,  and 
cities  and  towns,  containing  from  500  to  15,000  souls,  dot 
the  land  in  lai-ge  numbers.     Roads  have  been  constructed, 
rivers  improved,  mills  erected,  and  in  every  direction  is 
heard  the  whistling  of  the  free,  the  intelligent  and  indus- 
trious fai-mer,  as  he  pursues  his  laborious  but  independent 
occujiation.     Literally  have  they  caused  the  "  wilderness 


AND    THE    ERIE    CANAL.  7 

to  bud  and  bloHsom  as  the  rose,"  and  become  the  granary 
of  tlie  Union. 

It  is  now  my  purpose  to  exhibit  facts  to  show  that  the 
mio'lity  West  is  not  a  mere  poetical  phrase,  but  is  a  sub- 
stantial country,  rich  in  resources,  and  possessed  Ijy  an 
enterprising  population,  who  are  successfully  developing 
them  more  rapidly  than  the  history  of  the  world  can  any 
where  else  present. 

To  make  the  change  which  has  taken  place  in  the 
West,  within  a  few  short  years,  more  striking,  I  will 
present  some  comparative  statements  of  their  expoi'ts  at 
different  periods : 

In  1835,  the  whole  exports  from  the  West,  came  princi- 
pally from  the  Northern  or  Lake  portion  of  Ohio.  The 
amount  which  passed  through  this  city  to  tide  water,  via 
the  Erie  Canal,  of  the  principal  articles,  consisted  of  the 
followino" : 


Flour bbls  *86,233 

Wheat bu  *98,071 

Staves lbs  2,565,272 

Corn bu  14,579 


ProYisions bbls  6,562 

Ashes casks  4,419 

Wool lbs  140,911 

But.,  Cheese  &  Lard,. .  1,030,632 


*Equivalent  to  543,815  bushels  of  Grain. 

The  tolls  collected  at  the  Buffalo  oflfice  that  year 
amounted  to  $106,213  35 ;  the  total  number  of  tons  of  all 
articles,  from  all  soiu'ces,  cleared  at  Buffalo  that  year  was 
49,478  ;  the  valuation  of  property  I  have  not  for  that  year, 
but  in  the  year  1837,  the  value  of  all  the  property  sent 
towards  tide  water  on  the  Erie  Canal  from  Buffalo,  was 

$3,2^0,  l*-^'^- 

In  1845  and   1846,  Ohio  and  the  other  States  around 

these  Lakes,  sent  to  Eastern  markets,  througli  the  same 

channel  the  following  articles : 


8 


COMMERCE   OK    THE    LAKES 


In  H4r). 


M 


Flour hMs      717,  ino 

Wheat bii    l,:3r)4,0!)() 

Stavps Ib.s88,2!m,431 

Corn bu        '6\iM<) 


Provisions bbis         fi-,fl()0 

Asijics rnsks         34,«i()2 

Wool   lbs  2,Or)7,7f{l 

Hilt.,  Chocso  find  [.arcl  0,r)ii7.0()7 


In  1810. 

Flour bbls    1, -280,8  07 

Wheat bu    3,611,221 

Staves lbs  05,l)r)^<,}J8vJ 

Corn bu     1,119,089 


PrrtvLsionH 


bbls  99,:^.'M> 

AbIios I . .  .  .casks  22.405 

Wool lbs  .3,762,H29 

JJut.,  Ch(M!se  and  f.ard  l2,7iri,662 


The  entire  amount  of  flour,  wheat  and  other  g-raiii 
exported  by  the  Western  States,  tlu'oug-h  the  Lakes  in 
1846,  for  Canada  and  our  own  markets,  reihiced  to  bu<li- 
els,  will  exct,3d  15,(JOO,000  of  bushels. 

Having*  received  a  letter,  dated  29th  January  ultimo, 
from  Col.  Abert,  the  head  of  the  To])og-ra|)hical  Depart- 
ment at  Washing-ton,  propounding*  some  questions  to  me  in 
relation  to  this  commerce,  I  will  g*ive  his  questions  in  the 
order  in  which  they  were  presented,  with  the  answers  to 
each,  as  furnished  by  me,  as  the  most  perfect  method  of 
arriving*  at  the  particulars  of  the  business,  acconqjanied 
.vith  such  other  details  I  had  in  my  possession,  but  wliicli 
I  could  not  furnish  him,  for  want  of  time. 

Question  1st. — "  The  commerce  of  the  Lakes — returns 
in  kind  and  quantities,  as  far  as  practicable,  and  for  the 
years  1841,  '42  '43,  '44,  '45  and  '46." 

"  As  the  g*reatest  portion  of  the  export  commerce  of  the 
Lakes  passes  through  this  city  on  its  way  to  tide  water, 
(large  quantities  also  pass  the  Welland  Canal  to  Canadian 
ports,  and  through  Lake  Ontario  to  New  York)  I  will  give 
you,  as  the  best  answer  to  this  question,  the  lake  imports,  in 
kind  and  quantities,  taken  from  the  Custom  House  books, 
for  the  above  series  of  years — remarking,  at  the  same  time, 
that  these  statements  do  i  )t,  by  any  means,  comprise  the 


1!1 


i 


AND    TIIK    F.RTK    CANAL. 


9 


whole — tliat  they  only  j^-ive  a  j^cneral  view  of  the  business 
from  year  to  year.  1  also  furnish  you  the  busines.s  done 
from  some  other  ports,  for  the  purpose  of  showing-  the 
i^Teat  difference  these  rejKjrts  pres(;nt  of  the  l)usiiif'ss  of 
the  same  places,  as  years  roll  on. 

IMPORTS  OF  BUFFALO  FROM  THE  LAKES  IX  IStL 

Flour, bhls.     730,040  .  Pork, bbls.       1  l,7n2 

Wheat, bush.  1,63.'),000     Corn, bush.     201,031 


Furs, pks.  4,180 

Butter  anil  lard, ....  kgs.  49,336 

Staves, 7,860,000 

Whiskey casks.  19,038 

Seod, "  8,228 

Bacon, "  3,779 

Ashes, "  6,660 


liiimber, foot.  8,000,000 

HidfH, 17,.'i88 

Fish, bbis.  3,,501 

Brooms, doz.  .'5,.'}07 

Oats, bn.jh.  14,144 

Coal, tons.  300 

Rye, bush.  2,140 


"Casting's,  iron,wool,  clieese,  lead,  shot,  nails,  barley,  cui  n- 
meal,  dried  fruits,  g-lass,  cotton,  feathers,  sheep  pelts,  tanned 
leather,  calf  skins,  beans,  cranberries,  hickory  nuts,  bees- 
wax, peas,  grindstones,  g-inseng-,  paper  and  paper  rag's,  lin- 
seed and  odi<  r  oils,  g-lue  and  g'hie  pieces,  maple  sug'ar, 
wooden  ware,  live  cattle,  swine,  and  tobacco,  althoug"h  in 
quantities  more  or  less,  have  not  been  specifically  placed  in 
the  statement.  The  estimated  value,  for  this  year,  is 
810,000,000. 

In  1842. 

The  principal  articles  landed  at  this  port  during  the  season  were  : 


Flour bbls.     734,308 


Beet"  and  Pork, ....  bbls. 

Seed, bbls. 

Fish, bbls. 

Ashes, cks. 

Whiskey, cks. 

Bacon, cks. 

Lead, pigs. 


Wheat, bush.  l,.'>.55,43f^ 


01,150  Corn  and  Oats, ....  bush.  4.'54,.''i80 

12,184     Barley, bush.  4,710 

2,367     Rye, .' bush.  1,228 

14,596  j  Butter, kegs.  29,874 

13,687         do      bbls.  592 

1,902     Lard, bbls.  7,405 

23,926       do     kegs.  8,331 


Staves, 4,392,000     Hides, 17,491 

"This  list  embraces  an  account  of  the  principal  articles 
only.     I  have  enumerated  a  class  of  articles  in  '41,  received 


10 


COMMERCE    OF    THE    LAKES 


at  this  port  every  year,  of  which  no  particular  statement  is 
made  up.  I  cannot  give  you  the  estimated  vahie  of  the  im- 
ports this  year,  none  having-  been  made. 

In  184J 
The  aggregate  of  the  various  articles  wliich  arrived  is  as  follows : 


,bl)ls. 


Flour  

Pork, 

Beef, 

Seed, 

Ashes, " 

Whiskey, " 

Cranberries, " 

Fish, " 

Tallow, " 

Hams   and  Bacon,    cks. 

Hides, 32,447 

Hemp, bales,  865 

Tobacco, hhds.         2,097 

Lead, pigs,       23,753 

Staves, 3,500,000 

Wheat, bush.  1,827,241 


917,517 

41,979 

25,329 

12,239 

29,940 

8,719 

3,281 

2,857 

2,387 

4,814 


Corn, 
Oats, , 
Rye,. 

Butter kgs. 

Lard, *' 

do bbls. 

Wool, sks. 


223,963 

2,489 

1,332 

17,402 

10,464 

14.125 

4,516 


Cheese, bxs.  9,803 

do        ,  . .  cks.  3,664 

Brooms, doz.  2,128 

Furs  and  skins, ....  pks.  2,343 

(Jlass, bxs.  2,298 

Shot, kgs.  675 

Pig  iron tons.  1,000 

Coal,.. tons.  1000 

Nails, kgs.  478 

Paper  rags bales  261 

Leather  principally  skirting  rolls  308 

liard  and  other  oils,  bbls.  1,316 

Beeswax pkgs*  261 

Nuts, bbls.  100 

Beans, «  342 

Ginseng, pkgs.  304 

Beer, blis.  51 

Starch, bxs.  104 

Candles "  101 

Feathers, sack  1,153 

Dried  and  other  fniit,  pkgs  735 

Live  hogs, 5,221 

Bacon  and  hams ....  pes.  12,031 


''  To  the  above  imports  must  be  added  195  boxes  and 
1 1  tons  bar  soap,  part  of  which  came  fR)m  the  Wabasli 
Canal,  having-  been  manufactured  at  La  Fayette,  la.,  also 
valuable  invoices  of  hollow  ware  and  other  castings,  hoops, 
hops,  shingles,  grind-stones,  bristles,  corn-meal,  and  broom 
corn,  oars,  and  some  200  boxes  and  barrels  saleratus, 
8,000,000  feet  of  lumber,  and  innumerable  other  articles. 
The  total  value  of  imports  this  year  is  estimated  at 
810,000,000. 

"  The  stock  of  staves  has  been  much  smaller  this  year 
than  usual.  About  600  tons  of  the  pig  iron  imported,  came 
from  the  Rossie  Parish,  St.  Lawrence  county,  N.  Y.,   via 


I 


AND   THE    ERIE   CANAL. 


11 


the  Welland  Canal,  and  is  now  introduced  among  our  man- 
ufactures under  very  favorable  auspices.  The  quantity 
of  coal  received  is  about  1000  tons,  two-thirds  of  which 
came  from  Ohio,  and  the  balance  (Blossburgh,  Pa.,) 
reached  this  city  by  the  same  channel  as  the  Rossie  iron. 


In  1844. 


Flour bbls  915,000 

Pork "  51,478 

Beef "  28,432 

Ashes "  29,330 

Soed "  15,472 

Whiskey "  6,315 

Lake  Hsh "  2,783 

Cranberries. "  3,336 

Tallow "  2,570 

Dried  fruit "  345 

Oil "  1,663 

Hides 29,080 

Staves M  6,.543 

Lumber....*"*..     "  6,130 

Shingles "  269 

Lead pigs  6,276 

Copper "  50 

Shot bxs  368 

Wool bales  12,340 

Feathers "  1,410 

Hem]) '•  235 

Leather rls  1,763 

Brooms doz  1,280 

Pig  iron tons  1,915 


(( 

(; 


Wheat .bu 

Corn " 

Oats " 

Kye " 

Barley 

Potatoes 

Butter kgs 

Lard " 

Do :....bbls 

Cheese l)xs 

Do cks 

Hams  and  bacon .... 

Do p» 

Live  hogs 

Live  cattle  and  sheep  . . . 
Tobacco hhds 

Do bxs 

Coal tons 

Starch bxs 

Do bbls 

Candles bxs 

Soap " 

Glass " 

Ginseng pks 


2,177,500 

137,978 

18,017 

1,617 

456 

2,113 

17,427 

8,223 

8,553 

13,206 

2,630 

6,170 

24,960 

4,773 

230 

262 

166 

1,524 

2,920 

164 

432 

490 

3,624 

380 


'•  In  addition  to  the  above,  there  were  landed  here  from 
the  West,  140  pks  beeswax,  105  do  oil  cake,  320  cords 
hemlock  bark,  40  bales  hops,  395  pka  saleratus,  50,000 
sheep  jjelts,  the  usual  amount  of  furs,  paper  rags, 
beans,  &c.,  intermixed  with  our  multifarious  western  im- 
ports ;  ->0  hhds  of  Louisiana  sugar  was  also  observed 
among  the  imports,  It  reached  this  jjlace  via  Cleveland 
and  the  Ohio  canal. 


12 


COMMERCE    OF    THE    LAKES 


Low  prices  have  universally  ruled  this  season,  thus 
rendering  the  value  of  oiu-  imports  less  than  some  previ- 
ous seasons.  The  value  of  imports  this  year  is  estima- 
ted at  $8,000,000. 


Tn  1845. 


a 


a 


(I 


Flour 

Pork 

Beef 

Seed 

Whiskey 

Salt 

Fish 

Tallow 

Oil " 

Ashes cks 

Hams  and  bacon. .      " 

Do ps 

Wool bales 

Lead pigs 

LeathfM' pl^gs 

Feathers " 

Hemp bales 

Brooms doz 

Hides '• 

Starch bxs 

Do bbls 

(rlasp. , bxs 

Iron tons 


740,750 

28,930 

28,130 

13,840 

11,750 

5,230 

3,755 

'2,565 

1,140 

32,900 

2,925 

9,330 

16,185 

14,810 

5,268 

2,775 

2,620 

2,335 

43,590 

2,780 

207 

3.2.50 

2,390 


Wheat bu 

Corn " 

Oatf^ 

Potatoes. , 

Rye 

Barley 

Coal tns 

Staves M 

Lumber M  ft 


kgs 
bbls 

kgs 


Butter 

Do 

Lard 

Do 

Cheese bxs 

Do cks 

Shingles M 

Tobacro hhds 

Do bxs 

Shot kgs 

Sugar hhds 

Live  hogs 

Soap bxs 

Candles " 


1,770.740 

54.200 

23,100 

4,000 

1.170 

456 

3,936 

8,573 

9.655 

18.455 

310 

7,200 

15,220 

20,667 

2,950 

700 

625 

230 

350 

243 

1,860 

257 

246 


"  To  this  must  he  added  a  [rreat  number  of  unenumera- 
ted  articles  coming  in  from  the  West,  and  tlie  whole  of 
the  exports  from  Silver  Creek,  Dunkirk,  Barcelona,  &c., 
which  being  within  this  district  do  not  report  to  the  Cus- 
tom House,  and  of  coin-se  form  no  })art  of  the  above  im- 
ports. The  articles  thus  omitted  are  pot  and  pearl  ashes, 
cheese,  butter,  beef,  wool,  lumber  in  large  quantities,  and 
many  other  valuable  commodities.  Nearly  the  whole  of 
our  best  cabinet  lumber  is  imported  from  Cattaraugus 
and  Chautauque  counties.  The  pine  is  obtained  from 
Canada. 


f 


Wfv    '!   w.l.l]p^(Wl"iPf.f  ^l"  Jit«^!Pl.' 


AND   THE    ERIE    CAKAL. 


13 


"A  valuation  of  the  iinjjorts  seems  to  have  been  omitted 
this  year. 

Ill  1346. 

Flour, bbls.  1,324,529     Iron, tons         2,290 

Pork  and  bacon, "         80,000     Coal, '•  4,430 

Boef, "         2^,428  \  Leather, rolls         9,090 

Wliiskcy, "         15,000  ;  Ashes, bbls.       24,612 

Wheat,' bush.  4,744,184  i  Hides, nmbr.       50,535 

Corn, "    1,455,258     Lard lbs.  6,099,171 

Oats "       248,300     Butter, '>    3,509,900 

Barley, "         47,530  ,  Cheese, «•    3,083,000 

Rye,  '. "         28,250    Cotton, bales  633 

Staves, pes.  10,762,500    Wool, »         21,110 

Lumber, ft.  34,536,829  [  Furs  and  Peltries, . . .  pks.         2,550 

5,150  I  Beans, bbls.         3,120 

3,022  ,  Sugar, bhds.  395 

25,960  '  Potatoes, brish.         8,850 

4,381  '  Fish bbls.         6,498 

781  ,  Tallow, lbs.     808,860 

26,021  I  Broom  Corn, bdls.         8,600 

1,970  j  Cranberries, bbls.         2,143 

611     Brooms, doz.         9,665 

350  '  Copper  Ore, tns.  170 

54,243 


Shingles, 
Tobacco 


hhds. 

Lead, pgs. 

Corn  meal, bbls. 

Oil, " 

Hemp, bis. 

Feathers, sks. 

Beeswax, bbls. 

Grindstones, tons 

Fat  cattle,  hogs,  merchandize,  furniture,  Ace.  &c.,  equal  to . .  pkgs. 

Forming  a  valuation  of $17,827,810 

"  Tlie  imports  this  year  have  greatly  exceeded  any  for- 
mer one,  and  this  table  does  no  more  embrace  the  whole, 
than  the  tables  of  other  years  do.  The  valuation  placed 
upon  the  reported  articles  is  $17,827,810.  But  it  is  believed 
that  the  omissions  in  the  reports,  if  all  could  be  ascertained, 
would  swell  the  amount  to  $20,000,000. 

"  The  foresfoin""  is  an  account  of  the  commerce  reachins" 
this  port  tla-ough  the  Lakes,  for  the  years  indicated. 

'With  re«>'ar(l  to  the  shipments  of  property  from  this 
port  west,  it  is  next  to  an  impossibility  to  arrive  at  it,  and 
impossible  to  specify  the  articles  ;  but  they  embrace  every 
thing-  used  by  man.  The  only  manner  I  can  *jret  at  any 
thing-  like  the  value  is,    by  taking  the  Canal  imports ;  but 


I 


14 


COiMMERCE    OF    THE    LAKES 


then,  we  have  extensive  manufactures  in  this  city,  wliich 
make  and  ship  laj-g-e  quantities  west,  tog-ether  with  large 
suppHes  received  from  rail  roads  and  other  sources,  of 
which  no  accounts  are  kept. 

"  I  g-ive  the  value  of  the  imports  via.  the  canal  into  this 
city,  and,  althoug-h  all  is  not  orig-inally  intended  for  the 
Western  markets,  the  quantities  of  our  own  manufactures, 
and  sales  from  our  own  stock,  more  than  equal  what  is 
orig-inally  left  here  Ijy  tlie  canal  for  Buffalo.  The  tonnage 
and  valuation  of  jiroporty  entering  this  city  via.  the  Erie 
Canal,  was  in 


TONS. 

1845 1!  1,41:3 

1840 1.j8,701 


VALUATIOX. 

$16.8^^8,382 
2:^lJi9,<)(i5 


"  I  will  now  beg  leave  to  call  your  attention  to  some 
reminiscences  connected  with  the  commerce  of  this  port, 
which  may  not  Ijc  altogether  uninteresting  to  you. 

"  The  following  is  a  list  of  the  niunher  of  arrivals  and 
departures  at  this  port,  for  the  years  stated : 


NO.  ARRIVALS  AND  DEPARTrRES. 


1«1.'>. 

1810. 
1817, 


64 

100 


i8r^, 

1819, 


100 
,  90 


Whether  the  arrivals  and  departures  at  Black  Rock  are  in- 
cluded in  this  list,  I  cannot,  at  this  late  day,  say,  hut  the 
probability  is  strong  that  they  are;  as  that  place,  lying  as 
it  does,  at  the  entrance  into  the  Niagara  river,  was  the 
general  ship))ing  port  and  resort  of  almost  all  the  vessels 
until  1819;  wh(^n  the  mouth  of  Buffalo  creek  was  im- 
proved so  as  to  let  them  come  in  here.  Before  this  im- 
provement, nothing  but  the  smallest  kind  of  craft  could  en- 
ter this  creek,  exce]H  imnxdiately  after  the  spring  fi'eshets, 
when  the  bars  at  its  mouth  had  been  washed  away  by  the 


I 


f 


■■  ")lff"Hlll'llihPI,.«"^p(I»TipiPl-||pilll»  J        Ijl 


AND   THE   ERIE    CANAL. 


15 


\ 


i 


current;  vessels  that  did  trade  here  then,  anchored  off  in  the 
lake,  and  their  loading  was  brought  from  and  sent  to  them 


in  lighters. 

1820. 
1821. 
1822. 
1823. 


.120 
.150 
.200 
.2:}0 


1824 . 
1825, 
1826, 

1827, 


.280 
.  355 
.418 
.572 


"This  table  embraces  thirteen  consecutive  years.  At  the 
close  of  this  period,  the  total  number  of  American  vessels, 
of  all  descriptions,  employed  in  the  commerce  of  Erie  and 
die  Upper  Lakes,  was  only  ."j^,  with  an  aggregate  tonnage 
of  3011  tons.  This  meagre  exhibit  is  in  keeping  with  the 
population,  which,  in  1825,  was  ascertained  to  be  constitu- 
ted of  no  more  than  2,412  souls.  At  this  time,  the  number 
will  not  vary  much  either  w-ay  of  35,000.  The  year  1 825, 
it  will  be  remembered,  was  the  period  of  the  completion 
of  the  Erie  Canal,  and  the  above  table  of  commerce  ex- 
tends through  the  first  two  years  of  canal  commerce: 

1*^41 ,^3290  I  1«42 4952 

"  This  year,  vessels  began  to  visit  Lake  Michigan  for 
freights,  instead  of  obtaining  them  from  Ohio,  as  hereto- 
fore. The  leng'th  of  the  voyages,  caused  a  decrease  in  the 
arrivals  and  departures. 

1843 -ySH\      1845 5200 

1844 5978 

"The  introduction  of  many  large  new  vessels,  in  the  place 
of  small  old  ones  annually  goinsr  out  of  commission,  a  very 
boisterous  sea,.^n  of  navigation,  toi^-ether  with  the  fact  that 
trips  are  more  regularly  made  to  the  Uj)per  Lake  ports 
in  search  of  cargoes,  may,  in  a  measure,  account  for  tlie 
diminished  lumiber  of  arrivals  this  year. 

'The  arrivals  and  clearances,  exports  and  imports,  to  and 
from  Foreign  ports,  duriiig  1810,  were  — 


a 


16 


COMMERCE    OF    THE    LAKES. 


AKKIVALS. 

American  vessels GO     Tennai^c 5,459 


British 

American 
British 


do 

do 
do 


,427 


do   90,429 


CLEARED. 
.  65 

.427 


do 6,012 

df»   90,429 


Total vessels  979 


tons  192,329 

Value  of  imports $121,600 

Exports 191,959 

$313,559 

'•  The  cause  of  the  great  amount  of  Foreign  tonnage  is 
two  British  steamboats  run  to  and  from  this  port  to  Can- 
ada constantly,  during  the  season  of  navigation,  one  making 
two  trips  per  week,  and  one,  a  good  part  of  the  time,  two 
trips  per  day. 

"  Tlie  enrolled  and  licensed  tonnage  in  the  District  of 
Buffalo,  in  1846,  consisted  of— 

Steam  vessels 14,290 

Sail        do 10,513 


Total tons  24,803 

"  The  immber  of  arrivals,  Foreign  and  coastwise,  at  the 
port  of  Buffalo,  in  1846,  were — 

Steamboats *. . . .  1310 

Steam  Propellers   200 

:\:'.  'S  and  Schooners 2262 

Sloops  and  other  small  craft 85 

Total 3857 

Forming  a  tonnage  of  912,957  tons. 

"  The  number  of  clearances  have  been  about  the  same, 
probably  more,  as  an  imusual  number  of  vessels  wintered 
over  in  this  port  last  year — making  a  total  of  7,714,  form- 
ing an  aggregate  tonnage  of  1,825,914  tons,  arriving  at 
and  departing  from  the  ])ort  in  the  year  1846." 


I 


ifl,  «pi  .iMi]  ,iii#i|ii"i»-"ib""»VUli   niinim-^— ™B'!f»n^^|pi!«i«Wi«rp 


AND    THE    ERIE   CANAL. 


17 


ERIE  CaNAL  commerce  OF  BUFFALO. 

The  following-  tables  show  the  entire  movement  of  pro- 
jiorty  throiig-li  Buffalo  on  the  Erie  canal,  for  the  years  1845 
and  1846.  Appended  to  this  pamphlet  is  a  table,  desig-- 
natino-  the  States,  Territories  and  Countries  from  which 
this  property  came,  and  went  to,  and  g-iving-  the  quantity 
of  (^ach  article ;  it  also  includes  the  business  of  previous 
years. 

SliippM  from  Buffiili)  on  the  Kru  Uetfirt-d  at  Buffiilo  liy  the  En« 

Ciinal  111  184ft  Hiid  IKIM,  Canal  in  lR4.'i  anil  IMIk 

PRODtJCTS  OF  THE  VOKKST.      184r).                 1  H4(5.  1845.                     1846. 

Fms  ami  pelt.  lbs.          545,097        571,342  14,862             30,527 

BM's  and  Scant,  ft.   19,9.32,069  19,027,.530  3,140,959        3,119,009 

Shinjrles,  M 554               401  ..                          15 

Timber,  c.  ft 11,445          10,714  . .                  58,186 

Staves,  lbs 89,174,110  73,135,932  ..                   16,000 

Wood,  cds 980               729  13,025              16,655 

Ashes,  bbls 38,417          24,639  4       . 

J'RODUC  rs    OK     VORICIJI.TURE. 

Pork,  bills 28,235          61,492  43     -              20 

Beef,     "     34,084          28,503  ...                     0 

Bacon,  lbs 1,218,811     2,220,673  ..                    2,177 

Cheese,  "     2,759,928     4,973,165  7,258               3,142 

Butter,    "     3,397,690     4,658,427  7,565             10,254 

Lard,      "     2,852,441     5,950,541  200 

Wool,     "     3,441,317     4,085,929  14,913               4,991 

Hides,     "     769,861        788,950  319,272           360,409 

Flour,  bbls 721,891     1,291,233  3,310               7,222 

Wheat,  bu 1,354,996     3,613,569  271                  .376 

Rye,        "    903            1,895  3                      4 

Corn,       «    33,094     1,119,689  . .                        434 

Barley,    "    ..                   .3,683  11,013               6,2.5» 

Other  jrrain,  bu.  . .             9,040        185,896  10,.564 

liran  &i,  ship  .st.  bu.             3,266            2,550  45,354               8,588 

Peas  and  beans,  "               1,587            6,265  367                    41 

Potatoes,  bu 3,445               771  1,706                3,206 

Dried  fruit,  lbs.  . . .             7,837        290,492  807,599           268,395 

Cotton,         " 252,983  .50,914           123,456 

Tobacco,      "   608,349     2.511,380  120,364           1.52,090 

Clov'r&gr.  sd.  lbs.     2,487,336     1,009,423  11,558             50,47;t 

Flaxseed,  lbs 184,563        971,796  ..                         igo 

Hops,           '«    ....            4,436            2,118  35,085           143,713 

lUiMKSTrr    M\NlIKA(Tt)RF.S. 

Domes,  spirits,  «?al.        272,336        323,925  17,840               5,800 

Leather,     lbs I,0y0,.548     1,1.37.3.56  2,081 

Furniture,    "    1,254,764     1,177,273  9,491,372        9,649,943 

B 


18 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


.Slii|ipf(l  rruri)]Bul)'i>ti'  on  tliH  Kric 
Cunul  111  \*i'>  ;iiiii  18-11.. 


Ui'Ciiveil  ai  Bullulii  mi  tlie  Kiif 
CmikiI  III  IM..  ami  IKIii. 


V 


■t 


\i'}\ 


101,518 

3:},770 

23,143 

1,213 


f)  10,204 

35,394 

87,802 

5,052 

11,198 


295,125    170,777 


DOMKSriC  MANIKACTURKS.       1H45. 

Bar  iV  pio;  loail,  llis.        345,387 
Piij  in»ii,  " 

[roll  wiuv,  " 

Domes,  woolens,  *♦ 

DoiUOS.  COftODS,     *' 

Salt,  bu 

Merchandise,  lbs. . 

OTHER    AKTICLKS. 

Stone,  lime  and 

clay,     lbs 11,804,950  3,973.900 

Oypsiun,  '• 1,594  0,410 

iMineral  co;»l,  lbs..  1,954.850  3,274,102 

Sundries,  lbs 0,844,395  10,705,597 

Of  the  Tonii:i(if  cleaic.l  from  Biitnilo  IS!  .">. 

the  Forest  (luiiished 91.073 

Agriculture 138,733 

Domestic  nuinuractincs  . . .      2,817 

iVferchaiidisi^ 148 

Other  articles 10.302 


istf). 

■  • 

110,880 
2,813,040 


iHtn. 


2,705,040 


5H2,094     560,572 
100,893,428  110,148,045 


37,134.457 

493,179 

5.222,991 

0,57(5,203 

ISUJ. 

77,022 

310.848 

3,107 

88 

8.9M0 


28,314,SS0 

200,805 

0,080,000 

2.932,004 


243,073 


Of  the  Tonnage  left  at  litinalo 

tlie  Forest  furnished 43,400 

Agricultiue 2,008 

Domestic  manwtactures. . .  23,779 

Merchandise 50,447 

Other  articles 24,713 

144,413 

Total  tons 348,0so 

18  1.-.. 

V^aluation,  |)ro|ierty  cleared  from ^  9,502,300 

Valuation,  properly  lelf  at 10,888,382 

Total..  ....$26,390,088 

Tolls  received  at  Ruflalo, $482,03!)  04 


53,021 

1,099 

22.101 

.58,071 

18,821 


400,04r 


1.53,701 
553,7()  I 

iSlli. 

$1.5,014,310 
23.199,005 

$38,214,025 
$703,083  02 


CANAL  COMMERCE  OF  HLACK   IJOCK. 

Slii|i|iH,l  iViiiii  l!l;ick  Ki..k  1."  Ilio  n ivcl  ;it  Hbrk  Hni  k  liy  tin, 

Krii'  CaiKil  ill  ly-C  ;inil  l.'-|i..  Krn'  CmiiiI  m  l«l'.  nml  IHIi:. 

PROTmcTS  OF  THE  Fonr.sT.     lH4;'i.                IStfl.  1R4.').                   JH4fi. 

Furs  and  pelt.  Iks. . .           1,403            8,728  1,2.50 

Boards  and  scant.  l\.  3.85(»,H()9     4,412.917  95,195           200,505 

Shinoles,  .M 12                   17  73                      04 

TimJ)er,  KM)  c.  ft...       103,700         203,154  72,800            101,143 

Slaves,  lbs 27^.000           00.000  122,159 

Wood,  cds 12,950           17,:'.10  703                    000 

Ashes,  bills 191  4 


4 

■I 


".HW- ■■■»«'      m'mil>     .^l^fini  «■.      I   CTjipjpijvjpgp^ 


(jOO 


AxND   TllK  ERIE    CANAL.  ID 

SImipe.l  finm  ninrk  Re.  k  on  Hit  Rwcjvfd  at  llhi.k  Hiw.k  l,y  Hit, 

hnv  Cmml  m  isi:.  »nil  lM"i.  Krie  Cuaal  m  lH.->  ntid  IM«. 

iMioiinc  rs -IK  A(.KH,ui,iL'UK.     1815.  18K).  184.'».                   184(!. 

I'oik,  hhU -Jl  U3  114                  109 

ncH!(;    ''   :]  ..  19                   24 

IJticoii,  lbs ..  100  ..                       :H)0 

^'lioase,  "   1,:350  7-26  H44                   053 

l?iittor,   "   . .  M,7()5  509 

'-iril,      "   ;}2S  G96  ..                        180 

^Vo()l,    "  5s,'2r)r>  31,937 

UiiK    ''    (5,711  .-.  1,006 

I "lo'ir,  bhls 15-J,7yr)  1  l(;,7(U  1,305               1,735 

^Vli'Mit,  l.u 18,790  -^3,797  3-^0,193           490,540 

^'"i"'      '•    ••  LlOO  3.801                8,3-21 

'^iirlcy,  ••    ..  ..  ..                          40 

()llifi-.<«;riiin,  Im 59  7-29  3,780                9,428 

Sir'iiv'^.sliipsdiH;  !)u.         93,248  58,284  5,744               5,208 

l*(!;isiiii(l  hraii.s,  1)11. .             ..  ..  I3                        3 

l'«)l;i(()('s,  l)!i ..  ;j  i]>2                    102 

nricd  iViiits,  l!).s 200  ..  100                    lOO 

,*;'i'""»        "  —          ..  ..  100 

'roluicco,        "    ..  ..  7,700 

ClovV  1.V  ;.^r.  .s(I.  II,...             ..  41,410 

M\,M  !••  \(  I  l')U:.S. 

Domestic  si)irits,gul.           3,744  OOm  4,074                1,342 

liOatiuT,   Ihs ...            3,453  4,900  ll.OSs                    540 

'•'"riiiliiir.  •'    101,901  179,3(i2  34,594              3l,0l9 

!?;ir;iiiii|)i-- ItNul,  11)-^.             ..  1,035 

J*i>"    iron,    ll's ..  ..  300 

Iron  wiirt',    "    ..  1,050  100               0,100 

JJoiiU's.  \vooI<>ns,  lbs.             ..  2,493 

i^''^t,]m ..  ..  r)00               2,455 

Vli'rch;iiKlk>e,  lbs.  ..           3,S10  8,182  100,843            184,218 

OIllKIl    Millcr.KS. 

Stono,   lime   iiiid 

<-livy,  Ib.^ h'i'>  1,200     2,557,910           1,070,200  358,805 

<'yP«inn,  " ..  ..  25,720 

<'<':iK          " ..  12,000  30,500 

Sni'fhies,  *' 558,2(i0  489,594  570,070            411,012 

or  tlic  Toniia;:e  clcarod  lioiii  I'.lack  Rock  1  8  J-l.  |  HHi. 

the  Forest  fdinished 10,141  59,920 

Airi-iculturc 1H,085  17,314 

Maiiiiractures 08  08 

Mercluiiulise. 2  4 

<)(her  arlicli^s 1,140  1,530 

05,442     78,872 

Ol'  llic  Toiiiia!.'!!  Icfl  a*  l!l:;i  k  Ho-k 

tlic  Kdicst  liiitiislu'd 3,«i54  4,045 

Agricuituic 1 9.007  15,349 


■I 


1' 


20  C'OMMKKCE   OF   THE    LAKES 

or  Die  Tonnage  leti  at  Illiick  Rock  1 84 3. 

the  Manufactures  furnished...  HO 

Mercliandisc TiO 

Other  articles l,!-""'! 

14,»18 

Total  tou^-, 80,:i(!0 

tSt5. 

Valuation  property  «-lt;;irc(l  from $849,14;^ 

Valuation  pro|)erty  left  at •_^'':''l!! 

TotaU !8ll,'iO:J,l-2'2 

Tolls  received  at  Black  Hock )$5ti,r)Ht»  78 


istn. 


-         lO.SHitJ 

U8,8:w 

1H1<{. 

!it;8t).i,!)r)4 

.V20,r)(M) 
)Si83,U;J0  21 


I 


t-  ^ 


•Si 


V* 


As  tlie  btiyiiiess  done  on  the  Erie  Csinal,  lliroiif^li  Buffalo 
and  Bhit'k  Rock,  is  literally  (lie  business  of  one  place,  1 
will  now  consolidate  and  present  it  in  a  condensed  Ibrni. 

1845.  IHIO. 

Tonnage  first  cleared 

from  Butliilo  is 248,()48  4(U),(»  15 

Do.              B.  Hock,...     (iMfJ          ;]09,115  7S,87-J        478,017 

Tonnage  left  at  BulVulo  is   144,4i;J  IT'l^JfJl 

Do.       do.     B.  Rock,     14,918  159,^1  19,9bU    _nM,727  * 

Total tons  4()8,446  (ir)2,ti44 

Valuation  property  cl'd 

from  BufTalo J|I9.5()'2,30(5  *  1.^)1 4,31  (5 

Do.       B.  Rock....         849,44.T  8()4,9a4  ir),>^19,27U 

19,351,749           

Valuation  propertv  left 

at  Buffalo 16,888,38-2  •J3,lit9,r)6r> 

Do.    B.Rock 3(i3,()79  17^4'2.90l         r)29,6()9  •J3.7-J0.334 

Total $27,593,810  $39,539,004 

Tolls  received  at  Ruiralo . . .  $482,039.04  7G3,G83.02 

Do.       do.  B.  Rock . .      50,082.78  _   83.it30.27 

Total $538,221.82  $847,013.29 

The  Canal  o])ened  A))ril  16,  and  closed  on  the  25th  No- 
vember, niakiniif  221  days  of  navig-ation ;  deduct  one- 
seventh  for  Sundays,  leaves  192  workini;-  days.  The  ])ro- 
perty  passin*,*-  (^ach  way  from  B,  and  B.  ]{,  is  652,6- 1 4  tons, 
which  irivos  .'{,400  tons  as  the  lal)or  that  was  performed 
each  day,  during*  the  whole  season  of  navigation. 


i 
f* 


AND   THE    ERIE    OANAL. 


21 


rOKT  OF  DUNKIRK. 

.Siatctncut  of  imports  uml  exports  at  tho  port  of  Dunkirk,  N.  Y.,  during  the 
season  of  1846: 

IMPORTkS. 


Vssorted  iiUM'cMisc, .  .lbs.  1,;M!>,M'(  I 
llvdrjiiilic  cement  &  |)lii.st(M',  fi'J.'iOO 

Cotil SO^^.OdO 

I'ij,'  iron I(i4  0(»(( 

Furniture, 12, 1577 


Salt l)bls.  2,001 

Diiiry  salt, sacks.  l,2t)0 

Dry  hides, 870 

Cedar    posts 1,750 

Lime  stone, cords.  40 


Fstimatcd  value !i$16G,7GU,i25 

EXPORTS. 


<  lanli'M  seeds 1)xs. 

('liop|)iii<f  axes, . . .  .     " 
IV)I  and.  pearl  ashes,  cks. 

Ivj;^'^ I)l)!s. 

l''loar, " 

Fork, •♦ 

(^ider, '• 

<«reen  appl(;s, •> 

F>!irl(  V, hush. 

Oil  cake, tons. 


it 


0,  HI      Cht'ese, jhs.     ."jR  1,012 

r.O     IJutter, 

is;}  j  Leather, 

8.")     liaiid  l):),\es, box. 

1S;{  :  Dried  apples, lbs. 

.'jO      Flax, u 

!>(>      Wool, " 


297,125 

20,5110 

1,200 

i!>,;}r)3 

30,907 
05 ,7  OH 


228     Lmiibcr, {].  1,200,000 

105  '  Scythe  snaths do/.  500 

i   ■ 


!''sti mated   vahi-, )$109,7;U),.53 

l'"!""''^ !$i00,70l»,2rj 

^••M»"i'''S  •  • 109,730,53 

.\gyri>i;ale  amount 6270,490,78 


FORT  OF  ERIE,  PA. 
We  niv  iiHlohtcil.  saystho  "Ohsci'ver,"  to  Murray  Wlml- 
loii,  E.sij.,  Coilcctoi- of*  this  ]K)i't,  for  the  following- compai-a- 
tive  ta])lc  of  the.  exports  from  tlii«  port  lor  the  year«  LS15 
ami  '46.  It  siiows  an  increase  of  at  least  100 per  cent,  in 
lavor  of  is  IF,. 


A-dies, ton;s 

Butter  an  i  cheese " 

l^"o:; |,l,].s. 

|{e(!swa\ '' 

F»arlev, lanh. 

F,eans '' 

^  "oal,   tons 

( ■astinji.N " 

Corn hi-sh. 

( 'o:-n,  IjKKiii;, H);^, 

Cigars '• 


1845. 

t^iinntity, 

540 

520  i 

5.">0 

75 

4,448 

00 

>^,507 

550 

853 


1846. 

508 

028  i 

882 

25 

7,581 

23 

21,534 

555 

10,107 

22,214 

13,850 


WWIP 


22 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


I!!  ■iiii 


it 


Clover  Hccd, i>l)ls. 

ChostniiLs, hush. 

Cider, l)Ms. 

Cotton,  raw, ll>s. 

J^'gg-S 1jI>i>-- 

Flour " 

Fruit,  (W'uhI  &  grocn " 

Feathers Ibf*. 

Flax  seed, •  • .  b})ls. 

(i  rass  seed '' 

(linnen^   lbs. 

iJlass  iV  ^\[i!iti  ware, tns. 

Hides,  skins  &  t'urs " 

flemp ^' 

Hay '• 

Hnrils, Il)s* 

I  roil,   pifjs tons 

Iron  and  Nail.^, ' 

Iron,  railroad, 

Iron  wire, Ib.s. 

Leatljer " 

Lead,  pi.'Z, " 

lii-ad,  white, " 

liicjuor, bills. 

Lard, lbs. 

Lumber, Ceot 

Oil, bbls. 

Oil  cake, Ions 

* /clln^     ••«*  ••••  »•■!   ••  ••••  ••••  lliISM* 

Paper, reams 

Pumps  nnd  Pipe 

Potatoes, bush. 

Pork,  bacon  and  hams bbls. 

HnfTs, 11):^ 

Rye, bush. 

Staves, 

Stearine, 1>1j1s. 

Salt, " 

Shingles. M 

Scales,  platform, 

Shingle  bolts, cords 

Seed,  rape, busli. 

Sugar,  Molasses,  tl'cc. lbs. 

Sundries, tons 

Tallow 11,,7. 

Tobacco,   uniiiiinM, '■ 

Wo  )1 ^» 


INI.). 

ijiiuiitity 

10 

yo 


fiOO 

mo 

250 

no 

1-^4 


l.iO 

•JfiO 

Ki.OGl 

7,000 

iir> 

•J,000 

;},M'jt  M. 

100 

15 

•l.HOO 

1,7!):J 

i'lO 
1,1 -^(5 

WO 
5,545 

l,lns  M. 

50 

:^00 

M.550 

500 

10 


500 


IN46. 

w 

0,070 

541 

14,50:i 

0-i!) 

56,760 

20 

14,075 

260} 

77.1 

400 

20 

I.SOO 

MOO 

012 

2,052 

10,000 

123,:}70 

120,700 

5H,602 

85 

;},00 1,675 

200 

10 

l(i,;u)o 
;{,ioo 
1,26;} 

2,546 

1,400 

Oil 

1,056,375 


856,600 


6.5,4  ri5 


Aggregate  value  lor  11^45 . 


Do.  do.       1846 

Showing  an  increase  over  last  3 ear  of, 


450 

M35,7;}5 

451 

;Ui.200 
.S:ri,602 
476,022 

.    1,07;}.24() 
$660,012 


fiff 


"»!»^^BPp*»»nn^ 


AND    THE    KRIP:    CANAL. 


23 


1 


TIk'sc  tallies  show  tlio  eflbct  prodiicod  on  the  commerce 
of  that  place  by  the  ag-ency  of  the  Erie  Extension  Canal, 
•  •(Minecting  the  Lakes  with  the  Ohiu  Riv«>r.  It  was  opened 
in  1815,  and  had  few  conveniences  or  boats  ibr  doin«'- 
business,  and  a  conunenc<'nient  merely  was  made;  in 
1816,  it  was  better  jirovided  with  facilities  for  business, 
and  the  dif^M-ence  is  shown  in  the  tables. 

No  account  has  been  published  of  the  in»i)orts,  coastwise 
or  Foreiirn.  It  is,  however,  well  known  that  a  ot)od  d(\'d 
of  l)usLness  is  done  there,  and  that  larg-e  (quantities  of  su- 
perior oypsuni  is  imported  from  Canada,  nround  at  Erie, 
and  dn-oucrli  this  Canal  sent  to  the  interior  Counties  of 
Pennsylvania. 


PORT  OF  (;li<:veland,  oiiio. 

The  following'  abstracts  show  the   Lake   Commerce  of 
Ibis  port  in  1846  : 

Abstract  of  produce  and  iiKM-cliandise,  the  product  of  the  United  Stales, 
exported  I'lom  the  District  of  Cuyahoga,  Oliio.  to  ibreigu  poit^  urul 
countries,  during  the  year  1840. 


11,2:23  hhls.  Hour, 

(iM,4(ll  bush,  wheat, 
28,8-23      "      corn, 

4,402  bbls.  pork. 

78  tons  f^rindstoiies, 

230  calf  sl<ins, 

r),141  fialKs.  stoii(>  ware, 

20 1  pkj^rs.  inefchandise, 

004,000  lbs.  tallou, 


AMKKK'.W    VKSSRT.S, 

040  |>K'f>s.  sundries, 

H8  tons  coiil, 

r)4  pkfjs.  bacon, 

1,70;')  bxs.  glass, 

333  (Icz.  brooms, 

04  bdls.  broom  com, 

HI  l)bls.  fruit, 

30  "      clover  seed, 

300  '•      salt. 


408  pkgs.  lard, 

^'^l"at'<>n $150,011 

BKITISir    VKSSKLS. 

11,703  bbls.  floiu',  150  ^y^.^.^ 

240.001   bush,  u  heat,  75  pkgs.'lard, 

nj,(i3r)     "      corn,  575  oks.  tallow, 

;.,0H3  bbls.  pork,  I  ;]87   bales  heinp, 

17i   tiius  grindstones,  |       ;^,-,84   lbs,  bacon. 


IP 


24 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES. 


uRrnsn  vessels. — «'ontim;j:ij. 


I 


;; 


i' 


2,r»00  foot  luniher, 

•JO  pkg.s.  stoiio  pipos, 
'21     "      nicrcliandiso, 
1  mill, 


100  bxs.  trlass, 

670  tons  coal, 

87  bush,  clovor  scoil, 

1(5!)  plvfrs.  giororics. 


Valuation, !|S4(in,2n7 


Abstract  of  waiv  anil  inorchaiulise  inipoilcd  from  ('anada  into  the  Port 


of  iJlovcliin;'.,  tluring  llic  year  184(1 

I,2l4,;^7*2  ^oet  pine  lumber, 

277  cords  shingle  timber, 
mo  J  M.  shingles, 
27  spars, 

37  vd.-.  c<)t.  anil  w'rs'd  oloth, 
Oi'bbls.  lake  lisli, 
4  doz.  hot.  mineral  water, 
2  sails  t'or  vessels, 
2  mariners'  comi)asses, 


4,057  lbs.  anchors  and  chains, 
fi!)  galls,  ale, 
2  bhls.  api)les. 
1   bush,  peas, 
78  tone, 
0,500  bush.  Si.  Ubes  salt, 
64  galls,  wine, 
:VJ    ' "      branik. 
H57  ton'^  crude  ,  lastcr. 


Warehoused  and  transferred  from  \ew  York  to  IJutlalo.  ;ind  from  Buf- 
Palo  to  this  [)ort,  withdrawn  Dec.  2d,  under  new  tariti^ — 500  l>xs.  raisins. 

Valuation, ^lOjlHO 


Abstract  of  exports  coastwise  from  the  Tort  of  Clcvehmd,  Ohio,  during  the 
season  of  navijiation  of  1S4G. 


.•^40,000  bbls  flour, 
35,000     "     pork, 
1,3(57,383  bush,  wheat, 
421,147     •'       corn, 
33,000  pkgs.  mdse, 

1,176  tons.     " 
10,430  1)bl,s.  salt, 
180.100  lbs.  tallow, 
35(5,120    "    lard, 
1,034,680    "    l)utter, 

3,440  trs.  and  cks  beef, 
2,018  bbls.  beef, 
2,000     '^     seeds, 
955,200  lbs.  nails, 
12,678  bxs.  glass, 
(517,550  lbs,  cheesis 
2,370  l)bls.  ashes, 
1.231,200  !!)s.  bacon, 
2,(504  tons  bar  iron, 

.521      ''      bundle  do, 
(5,671     "    coal, 
1,281,40(1  lbs.   wool, 

Valuation 


457,000  lbs.  leather, 
1,847,021    "   tobacco, 
47,4(58    '•  feathers, 
1.38(5   M  staves, 
1^7,7^3  galls.  s(on(>  ware, 
2,830  lulls,  breom  coin, 
12  tons.  furs. 
16  steam  boilers, 
365,000  ft.  huni)er 
42,(525  lbs.  green  hides, 
382  bbls.'  lake  lish, 
1,200      '•     tiuit, 
225  lulls,  steel, 

(51  wagons  and  carriages 
417  stoves  and  ttu'uiture, 
30  mill  stones. 
27  Idus.  hemp, 
.500  bbls.  oil, 
2,432     "    and  cks.  whiskey. 
Sundry  articles   not  parti- 
cularized. 


.'§7,010,402 


AND    THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


25 


Abstract  of  Imports  coastwise  to  the  Port  of  Cleveland,  during  the  season 
of  naviijation  of  1846. 


40,366  pkgH.   merchandise,  ) 
weighing  5,986  tons,       ^ 
38,793,709  fr.  pine  lumber, 
826  M  shingles, 
90,670  bbls.  salt, 
7,700     "    fish, 
o(),91[  bush  wheat, 
1,488  bbls.  flour, 
1,500     "     wafer  lime, 
2,335  burr  blocks, 
435  t(U)s.  vSi  1.354  ps  marble, 
13  wagons  and  carriages, 
7!)  hush,  ashes, 
19  tons,  castings, 
1,235  bbls.  plaster, 

300  tons. 
7,276  bags   salt. 


389  cds.  limestone, 
1,068  stoves  and  furniture, 
212  libls.  pork, 
811  green  hides, 
10,151   bush,  barley, 
403,550  lbs.  leather 
100  stove  castings, 
191  bbls.  and  cks  copper  ore, 
235  tons,  coal, 
33  bbls.  oil, 
30  sks.  wool, 
112  bbls.  tallow, 
200  (loz.  scythe  s'natlis, 
151  tons  scrap  iron. 
79     "    ship  stulf. 

Sundry  articles,  not  [)arli- 
cularized. 


Valuation .'§i5,045, 195 

"  For  tli<^  |uii-})Ose  of  sliowiiii;-,  at  one  view,  the  money 
value  of  the  Lakf*  Coiinueree  iloiie  through  ih(>  Port  of 
Clev(4ait«l,  ill  ISK),  I  pre.seut  it  in  tlie  followint^-  form  : 

FiXporls  to  Foreign    [)orts   in  IJritish  vessels,  $    463,237 

l)i).              do.           do.         American  do.  156,041 

Impoils  from  do.           do.      Am.  »!s;  For.  do.  10,lS9 

Do.     coastwise  in  American                 do.  5.045,195 

Exports         do.               do.                        do.  7.040.402 

$12,715,364 

The  arrivals  aii'l  clearances  to  Foreio-n  ports  were — 

Arrivals — British S2  vessels 9,36S  75  tonii. 

American,....  h7     do 6,141   (>0 

Cleared  — Rritish, ^0     <|o 9,390  70 

American, ....  78     do 6,11:>  11 

Total, 327     do 15,504  16-95  tons. 

"Tli(MU-rivals  and  clearances  coastwise  have  not  been 
oiven,  hilt  tluU  the  numl)er  is  very  lar<r<\  may  be  conjee- 
im-ed  from  the  amount  of  exports  and  imports." 


0 


I 


26 


C0M3IERCE   OF    THE   LAKES 


'  1 

r 

i;! 


Mr. 


I  will  now  present  comparative  statements  of  the 

CANAL  COMMERCE  OF  CLEVELAND, 

In  1845  and  1846 : 
Coinpiirative  statement  of  some  of  the  principal  articles  of  property  that 
arrived  at,  or  was  cleared  from  Cleveland,  by  the  way  of  the  Ohio  Canal, 
during  the  years  1845  and  1846. 

AKBIVEU. 

1845,  1810. 

Flour,  bbls 8.V2,7:V2  358,355 

Pork,     "    .            19,9H1  4'2,99(} 

Beef,      "    4,019  1,308 

Whisiiey,  bbls • '  •  • 1,«42  17,741 

Linseed  oil    "      1,'217  967 

Pot  and  pearl  ashes,   lbs 1,060,973  600,983 

Butter,  lbs 1.0.s7.184  1,341,333 

Baon,   "    863,011  1,491,821 

Lard.      "    792,734  1,073,444 

Tallow,"    315,39s  177,452 

In^u  and  nails,  lbs 9,122,822  11,527,908 

Wool,    lbs 961,982  970,709 

Mineral  coal,  bush 889,880  893,806 

Corn,  bush 164,967  527,270 

Oats,      "     48,044  50,184 

Wheat"    '205,581  1,672,340 

Tobacco,   hhds 705  2,031 

Staves  and  heading,  pes 717,084  719.397 

Stone    perches, 15,055  8,690 

Wood,    cords 5,962  5,680 

TLEARED. 

Salt,  bbls 52,501  58,592 

Lake  Fish,  bbls 10,208  9,012 

Merchandise,  lbs 10,988,708  10,796,12!» 

Furniture  and  baggage,  lbs 819,^91  663,225 

Ciypsum,  lbs l,.i4,7L>3  1,116.578 

Castings,  " 342.859  638,485 

Machinery,  lbs 62.760  1 3 1 ,475 

Saleratus,"      "    282,050  1 85.869 

Pot  and  Pearl  ashes,  lbs 132,959  170,826 

Other  salts  of  lev.       *'    476,435  2()3,038 

Marble,   lbs. ...  1 504,083  1,028,107 

Hides  and  Skins,  lbs 121,521  23,362 

Clocks,  lbs 140,373  127,432 

Grindstones,  lbs 51,413  37.656 

Cheese,          "    30,854  87.551 

Lumber,    feet 2,045,961  2.497,008 

Shingles,    "    3,251,000  1,913,250 

Flat  hoops, "    7  77,000  1.473.680 

No  estimated  money  value  of  this  property  htis  been  published. 


i 


AND    THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


27 


PORT  OF  SANDUSKY,  OHIO. 

The  Sandusky  Clarion  IVirnishf^s  the  following" 

of  the  ini|inrt.s  of  the  District  of  Sandusky,  during- 

1810: 

Sandi'skv. 

Mcrchtuidiso,  11)8 15,:i90,()00 

Stone  coal,        "   .^)7S,000 

Sail,  l)hls 29,911 

Plaster," .... 

Water  iiino,  bids 4r)() 

Fish,              ■"   1,M;39 

Flour,            ■ "    00 

VViiiskoy,        "   16H 

Beer,     "          '«   27« 

Vinegar,         " .... 

Lime.               '•    1,600 

Linnl.er,  feet 1,400,1334 

Shingles,  *'   ;U5S,7r>0 

Shingle,  bolts,  cds 30 

Stone,                '•    .... 

Railroad  and  pig  iron,  tns 2,10(5 

( 'astings,                         "    Rj 

Pumps, 210 

Lath,  i\I 150,000 


abstract 
the  year 

Milan. 

2,()52.214 
72,000 
16,090 
4()2 
189 
231 
241 

«  •   •   • 

4 
2 

•  •  •  • 

219,293 
ll.V>00 

80 
13 


•  «    •    • 


Abstract  of  imports  and  (^xports  at  Lower  Sandusky 
(about  MO  niil<\s  in  the  interior  from  the  Ltike,  better  known 
in  history  as  Fort  Stephenson,  the  scene  of  Col.  Crosi^han's 
o-allantry  in  the  war  of  J  812,)  in  the  District  of  Sandusky, 
for  the  year  184G: 

EXI'OKTS.  IMPORTS. 

Wheat,  bush !)0,000     Salt,  bbls 1,480 

l*()rk,  bbls .'jOO      Merchandise,  tons 2r)0 

Vslies,    cks '}^^H 

Flonr,   bbls 1,010 

Seeds,     •*    iru) 

Riitter,  kegs 200 

("(.rn,    bii^h 18,400  t 

Staves 1,100,000  ; 

Wool,  tons 3  1 

Hides,     "   3  ' 

Lumber,  feet 74,000 


•w—-^ 


28 


COMMERCE    OF    THE    LAKES 


Pi 

\'\    V 


i 


The  exports  from  the  District  of 
same  ))eriod  were: 

Sandisky. 

Whoat,  l)u,sli 843,740 

(\..u,        "     r)0,904 

Oats,         "     8,5(53 

r.i.rley.      "      2''i<> 

FolaloGH,  '•     •  •  •  • 

Clover  .scfti,  i)iisli 7,08G 

Poik,    bbls 10,372 

Flour,     "   -A,S'iii 

Beef,       "   '^,1=J9 

AsIk>s,     "   5^,291 

Tiinotliy    stcd,    hbls fiOl 

Flux  s(H'd,   bbls 954 

Tallow,            '•    705 

Hi^lluvines,    "    1,729 

Diiod  Friiil,   "   213 

Cranberries,  "    702 

Beeswax,        '•    10 

Beans.             '•    17 

Ilaius,             ''    275 

Crease,           " '^9 

EfrorS,                        "      27 

Plast.T,            *'    :,095 

Maple  Siiiiar.  "    25 

Rye,                 "    22 

]Uh'v,               '^    20 

Biitb  r,            "    .... 

Butter,  ke<rs 5,89(1 

Lard,        "    .... 

Lard,  lbs 172,710 

I'ealliers,    lbs 13,212 

\V,)(d,    bales 2,025 

Clh'ese,lbs 40.000 

heather,  rolls 1,254 

Hides,  lbs 159,080 

Sbeei)  pelts,   b'ils 55 

( •rindstoiies,  lbs .... 

( I  iiiseii;£.          "    .... 

Staves. 245,000 

[foos, 200 

Brooms, 3,000 

Live  Cattle, 12 

( 'edar  posts. 1,250 

Liiinber,  ti-ct, .... 

Blaek  VValmit  lumber,  tl'et 27.053 

'I\.baeeo,   lilids 101 

Plaster,  tons 530 

.Stone,        "    .5,250 

Furs,  bales 189 


Sandusky  duriiii?'  the 


MlI.AV. 

630,142 

19,353 

1,855 

223 

100 

1,874  bbls. 

4,529 

830 

171 

1,510 

308 

34 

94 

731 

HI 

31 

1,801  lbs. 

•  •  •  • 

8,770  lbs. 

•  •  •  ■ 

•  •  •  • 


Ill'KIIK. 

30,292 


21 

83(5 
151 
210 
1,539 
201,100  lbs. 
000 
17,070  lbs. 
1(5,914 
14,074  lbs. 
42,000 
.1,3  <i) 
513,058 


70,702 


530 


a, 


*S 


/m 


T^ 


AND    THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


29 


*jf 


The^  arrivals  from  and  clearances  to  American  ports, 
v.'ere : 

Arrivals, 4»r,  |  ("learancos, VM) 

The    ai'rivals    from  and    clearances   to   Foreiorn  ports, 
were : 


ARKlVEl). 

Aineriran  vcs-sols, '2 

|{nlisli  "       10 


(TEARIU). 

American  vessels, 4 

Hritish  '•        10 


DuriniJ!'  the  same  peiiod   there  were  t^xported  from  the 
District  ol"  Sandusky  to  Ibreion  ports  and  connlries  ; 

In  American  vessels,   20,880    husliels  Wheat; — value,  $14,040 
In  r.riti>ii  "         48,451  "  "  "         \V.],9Ui  70 


Abstract  of  morcluuiilise  imporliMl  liom  Canada  into  tlie   District    of  8:in- 
(lusky,  iiiiiin<4  the  year  1*^10: 


A.nK,I?If'«N    VKSSKLS. 

f).");}  conls  f.hini:le  woeil, 
1   set  ol'  spars, 
:^r).7r»0  .-.!iinpl(>s, 
400  Ills  castin;j,s. 

*>,no7 

HKITISII    VKSSl'.LS. 

401  bhis.  (ish,  I     2     l>ao-s  he-i).-.. 

Estimated  value, $2ir^,(W 


(52  coon  skins, 

10    \\)K         '• 

27  miisluat   ^Uins, 
IIG   lil>ly.   lisli. 
2n8,;5r)8  ll-el  lumber, 

Msli milted  value,. 


PORT  OK  'I'OI.EDO,  OHIO. 

"The  lollowiny-  siiows  tlie  shipments  from  llils  port  for 
three  seasons,  their  au'i>Te,i>ate  value,  and  the  (juantity  of 
salt  imported: 

1^410. 

Wheat,   bushels 85,000 

I'lcur,  bbls 51.000 

\'u\k.       "    1,:500 

Whiskey,    casks 700 

Aslies,  *          "     000 

Seed,               "      :U)0 

IbiUer,  keo-s 280 

Hides,.... 1.107 


Valuation, |i:^8 1,000 


£§^1. 

1H43. 

127,808 

lir),7:u) 

45.781 

iVi  ,280 

7.003 

8.415 

2,205 

1,001 

l,:U):? 

1,072 

.52(> 

251 

450 

451 

2,180 

1.001 

lii;.52l,000 

$:J58,00U 

30 


COMMERCE   OP    THE    LAKES 


Tho  (!quivaleuts  of  these  tables,  of  Flour  and  Wheat,  reduced  to  bushels, 
are  for  1840,   :U0,000;  for  1841,  35G,8lS;  tor  1842,  303,139. 

Imports  of  Salt,  bbk,  1840,10,000;  1«^41,  17,000;  1842,  unknown. 

"The  Wabash  &.  Erie  Canal,  terminatino-  at  Toledo,  was 
only  in  operation  four  weeks,  and  tolls  to  the  amount  of 
$2,961  were  received  at  La  Fayette,  la.,  on  the  following- 
merrliandise,  shijiped  from  there  : 


Flour,   bbis 5,237 

Flax  spt'd,   bush 1,435 

Oats,                "     053 

Bacon,   lbs. 801 

Lard,    kcjis 21 


Whoat,  bash 14,700 

Wheat,  bbIs 104 

Apples,     "     55 

liutter^  kp<;s 10 

Feathers,  li)s 2,000 


#1 


The  Toledo  '•  Blade"'  g-ives  the  followino"  table,  exhibit- 
ing'  the  quantity  and  value  of  articles  received  at  Toledo, 
by  canal  and  rail-road,  during-  the  season  of  184(3: 


Flour,  bb!s lG4.(i89     Fxm'.w.ix, 


40,803 


Wheat,  !)iish 810,903     Afolassps,    " 622,334 

Corn,         "    1,159.315  ,  Ho<i"s  hair.  «• 251,624 

Furs  and  peltries,  lbs. . .  258,017  rnlini^hed  leather,  lbs. .       129,123 

Lard,  lbs 5,003,740     Tobacco,  lbs 714,245 

Pork,  bbls 19,593     ( ii'ass  seed,  bush 2,108 

Bacon,  lbs 1,963,501  C^audlos,  (lallow  &  stea- 

^uo-ar,    '■ 1,290,085          rine)  lbs 

Pot  and  pearl  ashes,  lbs..  1,008,972     ( Jiiisen<:,  lbs 

Tallow,  lbs 579,430     Flax  seed,  bush 

Wool.       " 124.075  I  r.eet;  bbls 

297,433  Soap,  lbs 


He 


rui). 


Butter,     •« 253,949     Corn  meal,  bbls. 

Cotton,     " 250.519     Lead,  lbs 

Oil,  (iinseedc'v.  lard)  bbls. 
Oil,  (castor)  bbls. 


.52,080 

94,623 

7,377 

3^7 

48,563 

797 

44,213 

]  .307     Shot.    " 46,302 

75     White  lead,  lbs 123,722 

Oats,  bush 1 15,402     Merchandise,  " 422,892 

Hides  and  skins,  lljs 161,293      ( inKcries,       " 80,507 

Whiskey,  bbls 2,543     Celli.'e . ,  « 39,167 

Feathers,    lbs 50,736  '       With  various  other  articles. 

Aggregate  value !3;3,5l9,0(>7 

"I  have  seen  no  account  ])ublish(MJ  of  imports  from  the 
Lake  into  t'l    i  ])ort.  in  ISK),  lu'ithcr  die  numl)er  of  arrivals 
and  de})arti      ■;,  coastwise  or  (breign.     The  imports  in  mo- 
ney value  will,  I  think,  fully  r'qual,  if  not  exceed,  the  ex- 


AND   THE   ERIE    CANAL. 


31 


ports,  as  large  quantities  of  merclmnilise  is  sent  througli 
that  place  for  Cincinnati,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Missouri, 
and  other  states  and  places." 


STATE  OF  MtCHKJAN. 


/  There  has  been  exported  from  the  Port  of  Detroit  lor       .^ 
/Wr  tli^yf-ai'  1^^/  ^he  following-  products  of  the  growth  and    /•< 


nmnufacture  of  the  State. 

Flour,  l)l)ls 491.002 

M^icat,  hush 114,307 

Aslics,  cks •),  /  42 

Woo!,  lbs • 006,14:5 

Loathful-,  do 100,354 

C'raiihcrrics,  l)l)l.s..  .. 
Fish, 

Grass  seed, 
Fhix  seed. 
Mustard  seed,  " 
Brooms,  doz. .  . . 

Pork,  bbls 

Hoof.    "     

[lams,  "     

Beans,  bush. . . , 
Corn,      '*      ... 


2,920 

9,305 

510 

100 

5 

100 

2,()2 1 

200 

•JOO 

2,027 

3,70S 


Barley,  bush 

Oats,       "       

Potatoes,"       

Provisions,  bbls.  ass'd  . . 

Whiskey       "    

Gi'oon  and  dry  hides,.. 

Bei!swax,  bbls -  •  • 

( ( inseiiii,  and  other  roots, 

Hay,  tons   

Mineral   Ore,  ll)s 

^^tav(!s, ....... 

fi'.unber,  i'eet 

Shliigies, 

Furs  and  peltries,  value, 
Straw  hats,                " 
[5(;er,  bbls 


Total  value  »M  exports  from  Detroit, $2,495, 3s5,50 

There  has  been  also  exported  in  the  same  period  from  the  port  ot"  Monkoe, 
Mich. 

Flour,  bbls l.'.'.lOS     Torn,  bush 

Wheat,  bush 

Ashes,  tons 

Wool,  lbs 

Hides 

Pork,  bt)ls 

Heans,  bush 

Alcohol.   i)bls 


C'ranberrics," 

Buckwheat    Hour,   l)b!s. 

Value  ot"  Monroe  exports. 


372,837 

591 

81,424 

90,521 

189 

290 

40 

15S 

75 


•     *  •    •    • 


Barley, 

Bc(^swax,   lbs 

{.'orn   brooms,  do/ 

Potatoes,     bush 

<r;'ass    seed,     bbls 

Bbielc  walnut  lumber,  tt. 
fctaves, 


Oiits, 
Fiu's, 


(ales , 


4,804 

300 

1,312 

04 

377 

14 

i5e,ooo 

20,000 
(500 
40 


,!5i8U0,2U,tm 


Exports  from  the  port  ol'  St.  .Iosei-h.  Mieli. 


Wheat,    b\tsli.... 

Flour,  bbls 

Provisions, 


233,045 

129,333 
3,0<I9 


( 'orn,  bu-h. 
Oats,       '• 
Wool,  lbs. . 


7.773 

1,500 
4,000 


^930       i| 

0,402       H 

'2,500       H 

17,000 

1,302       •  \ 

0,4.s7 

40       i  1 

~'l        M 

140       M 

308,000           m 

4,310,236       'M 

4,000,000       Ij 

10,000       ji 

$300,000       '1 

10,000       .i 

0,000           m 

m 


IV*'^ 


32 

Shiiijrk's,  M. 
Sliivfs,      . .  .  . 
Iiiiinl){3i'    ft... 
Wliiskcy,  cks. 


C03I31EUCE    OF   THE    LAKES 


M-J5 

100 

1,500 

3,7-21 


Beans,  hiiph.  ., 

Hides, 

Linseed  oil,  cks 
Fui>",  |)ks.    . . . 


•    •  •   •   • 


170 

781 

65 

74 


ValniUion  ol'St.  Joseph  exports, 51601,555,9!!^ 


PORT  OF  (JRAXD  RIVER,  MICH. 


\ 


The  uiinilKu-   of  amvals  and  departures  fi*m  this  port,  \^^1 
duriiio-  the  iiaviuatiou  season  of  1846,  is  107.     The  niunber 
of  passeno-ers  arriving-  at  this  port  durin<,'-  the  season,  is 
1,586.     Th<3  amount  ol"  ex])orts  is  as  lullows: 

I'lour,  ltl)ls.. 
Wheat,  l»ii«h 


Pine  himlxM",  toot. .  . 

Shin^j^les,  M 

li;ithJ)J!- 

Staves,  M 

Hemlock  Inirk,  curd. 

Sliingl;'  liDlfs 

S(juaro  tiiiil)f'r,  ti-cl. , 
Cranberries,   hl)l-<, .. 


^^^•.M 

1,0-il 
120 

:no 


«  «  •  •  •  •  f 


Piaster,  hlils 

Aslics,  ( 'asks 

Window  sash,  ltd  Is. 

Furs,  [)acks 

:8.()00  [   Maple  sugar,  bhis. . 
M(>  I    Wood,  cords 


2,008 

i:j.5oo 

2,1!)() 

50 

100 

01 

(HI 

150 


Total  (Jrand  River  exports .f*  170,5:^0  21 

ValiK'  (»f  iiiinber,    shirijiles,  and  o*lier  articles  exported  iVoiu  other  porta 
in  this  State,  is  estimated  at  !$570,i);?0  25. 


UKlAl'lTl  LATIO.N. 

The  exports  ol"  Delruit  auunint  to 

"•  Moaroe  ''       

St.  .ios(>ph's  •'       

'•'  (Iraiid  River''       

All  ethers       "       


!«i«2,405  3:55  50 

800.211  0(J 

(JO  1,555  08 

17n,5;V.)  21 

570,0M()  25 


Tela! 81,on,()08  00 

Tht'  inipurls  have  nut  hoen  liiven,  hut  it  is  not  unrea- 
yunahle  to  ;i;'Siinie  thtit  tlie  amount  will  not  vary  nnieli  Ironi 
llie  exports,  both  toLii'lher  lurming  an  a^g-regate  of  nearly 
ten  millions  of  dollitrs. 

The  enrolled  and  lieensed  tonna^-e  wiiltin  the  District 
of  Delroit  was  2'). 'J:i8  oJ-'J.")  tons,  (composed  of— 


Enrolled    strain 8.400  00 

"  sail  vessels 17.017   40 

LieeMS<'<l  '•       010  45 


20.028  31.05 


and  reciuired  (he  service  of  eifi^hteen  hundred  men  to  navi- 


g-ate  It. 


1 


AND  THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


33 


I 


iiV*. 


\ 


rORT  OF  MILWAITKIE,  WISCONSIN. 

"Tlio  Soiitiiiel  ^ivos  the  following*  stiitemeiit  of  produce 
and  other  articles  shipped  for  the  East,  at  that  point,  diir- 
int»-  die  season  of  1846  : 

VVlu'at,  bush 213,448      Wool,  lbs l0,56-i 

Flour,  l)!)ls 15,750  !  Ashes,  " 16,250 

niirloy,  bush 5,384  •■  1  lidos, 5,;)  13 


Corn, 

Lead  V     ii . 

/  or  li)s 

Krooni  corn,  lbs. . 

Brooms 


3 

1,035  ,  Furs,|>kgfl 198 

25,205      Rags,  tons 140 

1,770,050   Pails,  do/. 295 

107,545  Mdse.,  «kc 314,143 

50,425  , 

Wheat  .■x|.i)rtcil.  Kloiir  eximrte  I . 

1H45 95,500  bush.  7,500  bbls. 

1840 213,448  bush.  15.750  bbls. 

Increase  fur  1840,  117,948  bush.  8,256  bbls. 

''  The  increase,  it  will  be  seen,  has  been  more  than  100 
per  cent.  No  doubt,  says  the  Sentinel,  a  similar  increase 
would  be  shown  by  a  comparison  of  the  other  articles  of 
export ;  but  we  have  not  the  means  of  making-  it.  The 
above  suffices,  at  least,  to  show  the  rapid  g-rowth  and  de- 
vdopment  of  our  yet  infant  Territory.  And  this  is  but  the 
beg'inning-. 

PORT  OF  CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS. 
"  The  following-  are,  of  the  principal  articles  exported 
from  this  port,  during-  live  seasons : 

1842. 

Wheat,  bush 580,910 

Oats,        '•     53,485 

Flour,  bbls -^920 

Pork,      " 15,450 

Uoof,      " W3 

Wool,  lbs 1,500 

Lard,    " 36,720 

Tobacco,  lbs 3,000 

Hams,       "   In  pork  a 

'I'.^llow      "    15,130  1,185  bbls.  34,900      bbls.  1,000 

ILdos,  No 6,975  14,535  1 1,042  12,255 

Valuation $659,300   i»l,008,2l0      $785,300     $1,500,000 

D 


1813. 

1844. 

1815. 

628,965 

871,805 

956,860 

3,707 

•  •   •   • 

5,900 

10,785 

4,320 

13,750 

11,110 

7,050 

7.010 

10,380 

7,890 

6,200 

22,050 

90,035 

210,015 

282  bbls 

i.    1,630  bbls 

G0,-220 

47,900 

52,653 

52,000 

In  porkac't. 

In  iiork  a(i't. 

22,925 

r 


34 


COMMERCE   OF    THE   LAKES. 


"The  exports  and  imports  of  tlie  same  place,  in   1840, 
were —   • 


KXPORTH. 


i 


Wheat,  hush 

JJci'fiiiid  pork,  hl)ls. .  . . 

I'loiir,  bijlw 

Liinl  and  tallow,  hhls. . . 

Do  lbs. . . 

Hams,  hbis 

"       pes 

Fish,    bbis 

Wliiskey,    bhis 

Tobacco,  lbs 

'•         bxs 

Candles,     "    

l»ctvswa.\,    bbis 

lbs 

Soaj),    b.xs 

Furniture,   bbIs 

"         bxs 

Wool,    lbs 

"     bales 

Agricultural         imple. 

nionts,    bbls 

Furs,    lbs 

•'    bxs.  and  bales .... 

Ginsejig,  sks 

Salt,   bbls 

Oil        "     

Fruit,    *'     

Merchandise,  bbls 

Oats,  bush 

Corn    "      


Merchandise,  tons. . . . 

bbls 

"■      bxs,  andpkgs. 

Malt,   bbls 

"    y[^j^ 

Fish,  hhh.V.'.'.V.'..'.'. 

Mutter,  "    

Beans,  "    

Oil        "     

Whiskey    l.bl> 

Fruit,  cider,  <kc.  bl*ls. . , 

"         pkgs 

Seeds,   bbls 


1,358,6:38 

23,788 

19,391 

2,160 

70,600 

16 

22,633 

1,413 

671 

6,iry2 

19 

810 

2(J 

90,000 

51 

909 

31 

21,806 

116 

11 
37,514 

18 

58 

1,423 

128 

322 

800 

27,308 

9,331 


Hides,  |)s 

(■lass,  bxs 

Pelts,    pes 

Sfcarine,    bbls 

Cranberries, "    

Rags,  lbs 

Coal,     "     

Beans,    bbls 

Machinery,   lbs 

Hay,  bales, 

Scraps  tin.  cop'r,  <Vc.  lbs 

Hogsheads  do 

Brooms,    do/ 

Leather,    lbs 

Butter,    bbls 

"         lbs 

Flaxseed,    bbls 

Timothy  seed, "    

Wagons,   

Lime,  bbls 

Grindstones,  ps 

(.'oal,  tons   

Merchandise,  not  weigh- 
ed, pkgs 

Scraps  tin,  <kc.  pkgs... 

Leatlier,      pkgs 

Flax  seed,       "'    

Timothy  seed  "   

Paper,  "   


IMPORTS. 

8,800     Furniture,  tons 

10,385  I  "  bbls 

1,540:  "  kgs 

13,308  ,  Agricultural  iniple- 

1,346  i       ments,  b!)ls 

1,800  i  '«     pkgs 

37      Wagons  and   coaches, 

10     Ploughs, 

23  '  Hubs  and  wheels, .... 

1,065  '  Soap,  pkgs 

4,812  !  Coal,  tons 

185  '  Glass  bxs 

7  I  Beans,  bbls 


9,460 

993 

1,160 

64 

74 

2,164 

8,900 

1 

2,700 

150 

3,162 

40 

S96 

11,14!) 

3() 

2,765 

487 

29 

i 

14 

18 

26 

429 
51 

34 

487 
29 

28 


47 

4,039 
850 

33 

3 

307 

17 

2,000 

246 

2,1.^)0 

1,725 

10 


I 


AND    THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


35 


'  IMI'OllT.S. (JOKTINUKIJ 

Macluu-.ry,  tons.  ....  1     Lath, '^'^'l'^?!!!! 

'riircshiny     niacliiiios, 


»7 

MillsN.iios '^V^ 

WiUcr-liiufs  l)l.ls 4,000 

LumlKM-,  IVot 2:i,^'j  1,207 


Shiiiffit 


8,:^r)4,o(»o 


Pickets, 

'riml.er, 

Staves, 

Maliojijuiy,  .. . 


21,000 
110,000 

:v,>,ooo 
l,8ri2 


"No  vdhiatiuii  has  boon  r('|K)rtr(l  for  the  exports  and  Im- 
ports of  18  1().  The  arrivals  and  departures  al  this  port, 
lor  ISK),  were — 


Ariiv.iU, 

852 


vSioamors 

I'ropollcrs ni 

r.iios or. 

Sclioonoiv ^•^'* 


Total 


IMor. 


II*>piUtUI*"«. 

348 

lOi) 

04 

8nr» 

138(i 


Totiil. 

700 

220 

IHO 

1072 

2781 


PORT  OF  MK'UKJAN  CITV,   INDIANA. 

"The  following-  tal)le  gives— says  the  paper  ol"  that 
place— the  i)rincipal  articli^s  ex])orted  and  imported  al 
Michigan  City.  The  three  first  years  are  from  the  first  of 
May,  1813,  to  the  first  of  May,  1846;  and  the  last  year 
from  the  first  of  May,  1840,  to  the  close  of  navig-ation. 

EXPORTS. 

1843.             1844.               1843.  1840. 

Wheat,  Imsh 3.^7,0.^0        304,045         420,714  332,000 

Corn  and  oats,  hush 2,000            2,420             3,819  4, 

Flour,    hbls 1,000             1,825             3  051  1,00 

Pork  and  lard,  hbls 520             1,050             2,G00  2,510 

Beet  and  tallow,  "    210                325                 80  1,000 

English    hoef,   tr. --iUO                  50  .... 

Sundries  in  bulk,  ))bls ....        1,300             1,975             4,38  6,  ^ .5 

Hides, ^^0            1,050             1,333  1,0;)0 

Wheat  in  store,  Dec.  23,  1846,  l)ush 187,000 

flour       "                    "           "       hbls 500 

IMPOKTS. 

Merchandise,  tons 575  071  068  1 ,61 0 

Salt  and  Ihn,.,  "    025  1,-378  2,.500  4,500 

Sundries  in  bulk,  bids....      1,500  2,163  3,78;)  5,784 


36 


OOMMERCE   OP    THE    T,AKE55 


"Coinpaiin<T  the  two  last  witli  tlie  first  two  years,  we  find 
that  the  exports  of  wlieat  have  increased  over  l()(),()(H) 
huslu'is;  corn  and  oats,  <S()()  percent;  flonr  oO  percent; 
jjorlv  and  lard,  over  liOO  jn-r  cent;  heef  and  tallow,  over 
200  per  cent  ;  snndries,  '>^^>  j)er  cent;  hides,  ;{()  per  cent; 
and  imports  l;^()  per  cent.  This  ratio  of  increase*  is  j^ro- 
hably  as  trreat,  if  not  g-reater  than  that  of  any  other  |)oint 
on  the  lake." 


LAKE  ONTAJUO  C^0MMP:RCE. 

Of  ail  tlie  nnmerons  ports  on  tin's  Lake,  I  am  nnable  to 
present  any  portion  of  their  commerce,  except  that  of  Os- 
weg-o  and  Lewiston. 

I*()RT  OF  OSWEGO— LAKK  lUlSINESS. 
The  following  table  contains  a  comparative  statenjcnii  of 
the  imports  arid  exports  at  the  port  of  Oswego,  durinir  the 
years  1815  and  184(): 

DirOllTS. 

i^i'f.  1810. 

Lumber,    feet in,78^,()!)2  2>i,8;3S,'282 

^"ing'^'-.    "    1,524,27-)  4,338,850 

^!^'''''\      ;'    1,544,712  1,247,857 

^  "eat,  bush 1,012.210  2,576,211 

J,'''"''        "    13,358  354,372 

,^'^'%'     "    71,f;2l  86,091 

'^^P'         "    15,457  .-il,410 

<^>'its,        "    72,174  <8,477 

fl"  1'"'  i'bls 77,()02  72,912 

'^<^<^^"'       "    2,H24  '946 

f»'l^'      "    3,299  13,374 

^^^^'UtC'< 4,3(3.5 

(Jbeese,  cks 12,302  17,595 

Whiskey," ijOl  .2^315 

Starch,      " 1 15  ^^4 

Cheese,   bxs .-^^Ho  4^.79 

t^"ttt'r,  tubs 10,277  22,820 

^^'•J"!'  "j« 134,101  331,078 


AND   THE    ERfR    CAXAt. 


:Mf 


IMPORTS — rONTINl'Kn. 


•• 


Hums,  lbs.  . . . 

Lard,    " 

Tolmcco,  hiuls. 
(rlllSS,   l)XS.  . .  . 
Ashes,  cks. .  . . 
Pi^  iron,  tons . . 


IHI'n 

IS1A.                   M 

ITM-JO 

2iM),iyi)            1 

121.12(1 

254,201                 ;; 

27 

1})2 

'1,:<(U 

fl,15H                 g 
7.«H>2                 If 

1),54:< 

251 

47H 

t\C*      d  \i        f  1/  kl  1  1*        c 

1 

f 


It  will  he  seen  that  in  the  articles  of  flour,  staves,  ashes 
and  oats,  there  has  heen  a  slii^ht  lallinufofr,  while  in  alTihe 
others  the  increase  is  very  larg-e.  In  the  articles  of  grain, 
himber,  provisions,  butter  and  cheese,  the  increase  is  im- 
mense. 

The  wheat,  corn,  beef,  pork,  tobacco,  and  many  other 
articles,  are  principally  the  products  of  Western  States, 
imported  from  thence  via.  t^e  Welland  Canal.  No  valuation 
has  been  published  of  the  fsxports. 

EXI'OKTS    lOR    1^40. 

Mcrchaiuliso  exported  to  Western  |)urts,  lbs 15,(i91,(ini 

"  "  Uaiuida, ll,:W.V2(i 

"  "  State  ports,  N.  Y., 14,8()r),rU  1 

Total  merchandise  exported, 42,:?Hr),()i)-; 

Vahie  of        '♦  "         ... $  4,2M8,59!) 

Salt  exported  to  Western  ports,  bhls 229.227 

♦'         "  State  "        N.   v.,   31,840 

"         "  Canada      "         :VJ,74:} 

Total  number  of  barrels  exported, ;i00,8l0 

"  "  sacks  "         29,o22 

Value  of  salt  exported, .*....* ." $    22f),30:$ 

"      of  merchandise    exported, 4,238,599 

Total  value  of  foreign  and  domestic  exports, -S  4,401,872 

The  receipts  by  canal  during-  the  year  of  navig-ation,  just 
closed,  exceed  that  of  last  year  by  about  5,01)0,000  lbs. 
merchandise.  The  larg-er  |)ortion  of  this  increase  is  in  the 
amount  of  sug^ar ;  which  luider  the  law  allowing-  draw- 
back, on  certain  articles  of  merchandise  shipped  lor  the 
Canada  markets,  is  now  finding-  its  way,  in  larg-e  quanti- 
ties, throug-h  that  channel.     The    total    amount  of  sug-ar 


38 


COMMERCE   OP    THE   LAKES 


received  this  year  is  8,025,419  lbs.,  of  which  4,495,615 
was  for  re-sliii>meiit  to  Canada,  under  the  law  of  deben- 
ture. 


PORT  OF  LEVVlSTOiX,  N.  Y. 

Coiiii)aralivo  statement  of  tlio  business  o\'  tlie  JCuslom  House,  Lewiston, 
District  ot"  Niagara,  with  foreign  ports  from  1H4«>  to  1H4G,  inclusive: 

Un'ORTS. 

Irt  10     Tm])nrts  of  foreign  merchandise $)10,1()8  7-1 

1841  ••  "  ^'  22,144  90 

1H42         '•  "  "  10,775  2V 

184M         '•  "  "  13,107  2:? 

1S44         '>  "  "  2:?,271  57 

H45         ''  ''  "      ■        10,055  11 


1S4() 


(( 


20,227  74 


i'-i 


m 


EXPORTS. 


1840     Exports  domestic  merchandise,. 
"       loreitin  " 


(i 


1841  Exports  domestic  merchandise,, 

1842  "  "  " 


,$  :u,020  83 

402  80 


"        tore  inn 


(( 


119,212  32 
5,313  00 


832,119  03 
14,471  02 


1843     Exports  domestic  merchandise, 104.075  02 

"  »         foreiiin  .  "  45.052  44 


124,525  38 


1844     Exports  domestic  merchandise, 37,748  69 

«  "        Ibreign  "  21,9(58  03 


149,127  40 


1^45     Exporiis  domestic  merchandise, 293,950  80 

"  '•         foreign  "  182,704  85 


59,710  72 


1840     Exports  de  neslic  mercliandise, 281.118  55 

"  "         foreign  "  149,759  25 


470,724  05 


430,877  80 


SPECIE    IMPOUTEl). 

1840 $  81,740 

1841 88,000 

1842 134,700 

1843 105,20(> 

1844 196,500 

1845 302,905 

1846 491,230 


SPE<;iE    EXPOHTEl). 


$230,000 
385,000 


n 


,1. 


AND    THE    ERIE   CANAL. 


39 


American  and  foreign  tonnage  entering  into  and  clearing  from  the, District 
of  Niagara,  from  and  to  foreign  ports,  from  1H4()  to  1846,  inclusive: 


XTALS    FROM    FOREIGN    TOUTS. 


8   Aniericai.  vessels. 


.  .3;31  toreign 


1840., 

i'-*41....      1   An^'ricar., 

"•  ...  .401  foreign,  .. 
1H42.. . .      2  American, 

"  ...  .487  foreign,  .. 
li->43....   .^)')  American, 

"     .")r)3  foreign,  .. 

l'<44....   85  American, 

•'  ...  .517  foreign,  . . 
1845 ....  101  American, 


804  tons 

,54,600 65,464 

42 

108,088 lU8,iaO 

485 

10:},:}57 103,842 

18,590 

80,4'i2 108,032 

27,45'» 

103,480 130,830 

15,205 


"     ....  513  Ibreigii, »   123.662 138,947 


1846  „ .  . .  162  American, 


"    ...  .531  toreisn. 


31,097 

12(),425 15S,422 


CLEARF.l)    TO    F0REV«;N    TORTS. 


1840 ....     8  American  vessels, ... 

''     ....  331  foreign, 

1841 ....      4  American, 

"     4i)7  IbnMgii, 

1842 ....      ()  American 

•'     . ,  .  .  4f^2  foreign, 

1843 ....  125  American, 

"    ...  .542  foreign,    

1844 . . .  .229  American, 

"     ....  50^  Ibreign, 

1^45 ....    58  American, , 

"     ....  508  foreign, • 

1^46 ....  157  American, 


864  tons 

64,928 65,792 


264, 


108,104 108.308 

931 

96.617 07,548 

42,260 

112,912 155,1*2 

14.641 

103,529 118,170 

7,925 

126,161 134,0S6 

30,995 

"     516  foreign,    127,355 158,350 

Tonnage  of  American  vcsscLs  entered  and  cleared  coastwise: 

is  16     192  vessel,':  entered,  tons 70,792 

"        189      *'      cleared 70,365 

R.  H.  BOUCiHTON,  Colle(  tok. 

Tlim^  arc  two  ilailv  lines  of  British  steam-boats  rr.  i- 
iii)ii>'(hirini»'  tlir  season  of  uavig'ation  between  Lewiston 
and  Toronto,  H;unilton  and  other  Canadian  })orts.  This 
statement  of  the  Inisine'ss  ol'  that  port  is  inconijilete,  only 
statinLT-  as  it  does,  the  forrnf^n  commerce,  without  g-iving- 
any  account  of  the  business  , coastwise  either  in  kind  or 
value. 


■it 


PHI 


40 


COMMERCE   OF   THE    LAKES 


Hitlwrto  I  have  coiifiued  my  remarks  exclusively  to  the 
American  commerce,  done  on  these  Lakes.  I  will  now, 
for  future  reference,  introduce  a  few  facts  in  regard  to 
British  commerce  on  the  same  channels. 


■ 


I  ! , 


[■-i\l   \ 


!! 


ii 


THE   WELLAND   CANAL 

connects  Lakes  Erie  and  Ontario,  by  running-  across  the 
Peninsula  of  Canada  West,  [late  Upper  Canada] — is  26 
miles  long,  with  locks  150  feet  long,  26  1-2  feet  wide, 
8  1-2  feet  deep  on  mitre  sills.  Since  the  year  1844,  this 
work  has  passed  into  the*  hands  of  the  Government,  and 
no  report  of  ])roperty  passing  it,  since  that  time,  has  been 
published.     In  1844,  the  following  statements  were  pub- 

lisi^ed : 

American  Ports  to  American  Ports,  up. 

(That  is,  from  American  ports  on  Lake  Ontario  to  American  ports  on  the 

Upper  Lakes.) 

7'i  tons  castings  of  2240  lbs. 


30  bbls.  1»eet'  and  pork, 
10(5,050      "     salt, 

'i'yZ  tons  coal  c     IHO  lbs. 
8,521 


1,197     "     iron         "     ♦*       ♦' 
30     "     grindstones.  "       " 
merchandise  of  2240  lbs.,  cijiial  9528  tons  of  2000  lbs. 

Ainerican  to  American  Ports,  down. 


I 


29t),7()5  teet  boards, 
279,621   VV.  !.  staves, 
90,925  ])bls.  Hour, 
7S0     "      whiskey, 
175  tons  coal, 
4     '•     castings, 
9     "     toljacco, 
127     "     ni(>rchandis(', 

American  to  British  Ports,  tip. 


133,130  pipe.staves, 
10,347  Ijbls.  pork  and  beef, 
2  558     "      ashes, 
1,029,544  bush,  wheat, 
10,789     «'       corn, 

100  tons  rail  road  iron, 
82     "    grindstones. 


5.805  bbls.  salt. 


84  tons  merchandise, 
50     '•     coa', 

American  to  British  Ports,  down 

39,204  feet  Itoards. 
22,820  barrels  pork  and  beef. 
44.839       "       flour. 
299,305  bushels  wheat. 
62,104       "        corn. 

18  tons  castings. 

38 


'*    grindstones. 


3,090  pipe  staves. 
:531.592  W.  I.   " 

97  barrels  ashes. 
609       '«         salt. 
1,000  tons  coal. 
19     "     iron. 


.  (t 


90     "    merchandise. 


•  *• 


AND  THE   ERIE    CANAL. 


British  to  British  Ports,  up. 


10,*^01  It.  timbov, 

680  bltls.  bocf  tuid  pork, 

(iri3  "  flour, 

10,974  *'  salt, 

rv2  whiskey, 

72  tons  rastinjTs, 

3(i3  '•    iron. 


200,400  ft.  boards. 

r)94  pipe  staves, 

91  W.  I.      •' 
'2'2  cks.  ashes, 

38,215  bush,  wheat, 
50      "     corn, 

10  tons  coal, 
2,390      "    merchandise, 

British  to  British  Ports,  down. 

3,3,54, 7<  13     feet  boards, 
402,307     "  timber, 

'■;,10S  l)airels  beef  and  pork, 
118,700      '•         flour, 
154,.527  bush,  wheat, 


3', 


corn. 


470,981   pipe  slaves, 
211,100   \V.  I.  do. 
1,035  casks  ashes, 
92     ''  whiskey, 
43  tons  casting's, 
130     "     to))acco. 


20  tons  merchandise, 

British  to  American  Ports,  up. 


375,500  W.  T.  staves, 

•^.'807  jtipe         " 

7,493,574  feet  boards, 

490,.525  '■    timber, 

41,970  l)bls.  I)eef  and  pork, 

305,208  ''       Hour, 

3,412  "      ashes, 

213,212  "      salt, 

931  "'       whiskey, 

2,121,592  bushels  wheat. 


2,720,007  feel  board-^. 


Totals 


030,002  pipe  staves, 
1,197,190  W.  I.      '' 
1,089  tons  coal. 


73,328 


corn. 


211 

castings, 

1          1,748 

iron. 

140 

tobacco. 

i             151 

grind  stones. 

i        11,318 

i 

1 

mercliandise. 

41 


IMFOHTS  AND  EXPORTS  OF  TORONTO,  C.  W. 

For  the  year  aiding  Jan.  ^)llh  1847. 

I  am  Iritl' i  .cJ  to  a  friend  in  Toronto  lor  tlie  followino- 
tables  relating-  to  the  business  of  the  Port  of  Toronto,  for 
the  year  enilino-  January  Hth,  1.S47,  together  with  the  vahie 
of  some  of  the  principal  articles  imported,  a  Hst  of  the 
steamers,  propellers,  virid  other  vessels  owned  on  lake  On- 
tario nad  employed  on  the  inland  waters  of  Canada,  and 
a  re,:n»^   of  mills,  fbtmderies   and   facluries  in  the  District, 

E 


i'l 


f 


wum 


m 


42 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


showiiiL^  the  estimated  value  of  iiiacliiiie»y,  building-.s  &c., 
connected  therewith. 


23 

1,888 


Cows 

Horses,   

Lambn,    

Oxen, 

Pigs,   

Sheep  

Flour,  bbls 

Oysters,    lobsters   and 

turtles,  pkgs 

Cheese,     cwts 548   1  2G 

Butter,  "     27  0   14 

Bacon  and  ham,  cwts.        75  2     0 
Meats,  salted  cured  and 

fresh,  cwts 209  0     9 

Cofleo,     "     1,917  0     4 

Molasses,  "   1,128  1   13 

Muscavado  sugar,cwts  14,071  3     7 
Teas,  various  quali- . . 

ties,  lbs 405,541 

Rum,   galls 1,528 

T(  bacco,  lbs 299,82(i 


13H'OKTS. 

1  I  SnufT,        -'   , 

8     Clocks  &  watches.  No. 


2     Books  and  paper,  pkgs. 

60     Coal,  tons 

10  I  Cotton  man't'turs  pkgs. 
1,000     Class,         "  » 

Woolen      "  " 

Silk,  «'  « 

Drugs  t!**;  medicines*' 
Fish, — dried  salted  and 

pickled,   cwts. 

Salt,  bbls 

Hardware,    pkgs 

Leather,  lbs 

Bdots  a    '   shoes,   [)r!i. 

Cider,   g  i         

Apples,  busii         

Potatoes,  "     

Spirits,  galls 

Tallow,  bbls 

Raisins,  ll)s 


5,880 

507 

l,f)68 

1,143 

888 
885 
420 
120 
345 

390  0     24 

9,310 

2,452 

95,199 

3,247 

3,935 

2,732 

114 

4'4.-)2 

1'515 

125,000 

2,153 


Cigars,       '•   2,990  I  Wines, galls 

Total  value  orimiiorts,  including  other  goods  paying 
ad  valorem  duty, £108, ,377  0     0 

Value  of  free  goods— being  furniture,  household  ef- 
fects, tools,  tSbicof  settlers  coming  into  the  Province — about         0,000  0     0 
Importation  of  specie, £104,645  10     H 


Flour, 


bbls 

Wheat,  "       

Pork,     "        

Beef,     '«        

"      tcs 

Hams,    tons 

Ashes,  cks 

Butter,    kgs 

Lard         "    

Timothy  seed   bush. 

Oats,     bush 

Peas,        "      


EXPORTS. 

194,^^50     Starch,  b.\^ 

108,110 

4,133 

^0 

65 

9 

283 


600 
1,080,000 
1,030,000 


*Whitc  pine  boards,  ft 
nrictvS,  ....  ........ 

*Horn  tips  and 

scraps,  tons   H 

Woollen  cloths,  yds. . .  40,000 

Blankets,  pr- 130 

2t)0  I  ^Shcep  pelts 10,750 

283  I  *Furs  and    i)ellries,-- 

176  1       value    about £2.000 

3,000  I  *Fiesh    (ish,— value  . . 

1,000  about..  .0 500 

Total  estimated  value  of  exports £304,000 


•  1 


*  These  to. the  United  States;  nil  others  to  Lower  Canada  porlH, 


AND   THE    EIUE    CANAL. 


43 


•  1 


■s^ 


I 


KKVKNUE. 

Total  revenue  on  importations  collected  during  the  year ....  £33.5*39  M  s 

INCKKASK. 

Increased  export,  on  some  of  the  principal  articles,  ov(!r  the  preceding 
year,  (1815.) 

Flour,  l)bls 41,G;{0 

Wheat,  hush 54,3-2i) 


Peas,  bush 475 

Starch,  l)xs 341) 

White  puic  boards,  leet.  . .    130,000 


Pork,  bbls 2,070 

Lard,  kgs 185 

Increased  value  of  exports, jC7'i,'J()S 

Vidiie  of  some  of  the  princijml  articles  imported. 


Hooks  and  paper. . . 
C'otl'ee 

('(itton  Miau't'acturos 
Drugs  and  medicines 
Fruit,  raisins,  &C. . . 
(Uass  inaiiuractures. 

Hardware 

Leather  and  shoes  . . 

Machinery 

Molasses 

Salt 

Silk  ruanulaetnres. . 
Spirits 


i:5,208  17 

4,25(5  12 

H,225  10 

3,700  () 

4,308  2 

2,584  10 

0,481  18 
4,882 
2.503 
(ill 
2,187 

2,004  10 

1,014  15 


Sugars, 


8 

0 

8 

10 


7 

3 

11 

3 

s 

1 

5 

8 
4 

8 
8 


21,(i87   17   11 

Tallow (),582     0     3 

Tea 40,015   10     8 

Tobacco,  snuir,  and 

cigars 0,301    10 

Wines 

Woolen  tuanT'tures 

Included  iu  (he  tore- 
going  :   goods    im- 
ported from  llie  If. 
(S'.,    for   benefit  of 
drawback- — value,    30,102   14 

From  sea 4,408     4 


00(5   12 
0,708   13 


Vessels  entered  the  Port. 

Steamers  and  coasters  employed  between  British  ports 2,080 

From  ibreigu  ports,  with  cargoes 050  ^  ,,  . . 


"      in  ballast, 


^"1 


Total  arrivals  for  the  year 2,750 


List  of  ISteamcr^  Propellers,  and  oilier  vessels,  owned  on  Lake  Ontario,  and 
employed  on  the  inland  waters  of  Canada. 

57  Steamers,  (two  of  iron) — value .€350,000 

(5  Lake  Propellers 14,000 

2  Ships  i 

5  Urigaiitinos,   V  o;"  30  tons  aiui  upwards 150,000 

01  .Schooners,     J 

30(»  Barges 80,000 

7  River  Propellers 7,000 

Small  cral'l,  under  30  tons 17,000 

ToImI  value ji:018,000 


44 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


^i 


I! 


Return  of  Mills,  Fniindrirs,  Factories,  <^r. 
of  Toronto,  showint:;  the  estimated  value 
connected  tlierewith. 

y?  grist  mills — value 

196  saw  mills 

12  oatmcnl  mills. .  . . 

14  t'oiinclries 

IH  woolen  factories. 


50  carding  machines.. 

1  edge-tool  factory.  . . 

13  starch  factories . . . . 
'is  ilistillcries 

6  soap  and  candle  fac- 
tories   


Xi(U>,0(>0 

.^)r),2r)(t 

•20,000 

25.000 

3,000 

•2.000 

2,.500 

10,82.1 

4,200 


1 
3 


2 
30 

1 
23 


,  in  the  Home  District  and  City 
of  Machinery,  liuHdings,  dj'C, 

cabinet  and  chair  flic- 

tory  (steam).  . . .  2,r)00 
cabinet   and    piano- 

fbrt(!  factories...  1,-100 

paper  mills 4,000 

tanneries,. 1.1,000 

snuff  manufactory . .  .")00 

breweries 13,200 


Total £3-22,775 


Total  export  of  Flour  and  Wheat,  from  the  Home  District,  for  the  year 

r84(). 


FLOrn.  n;,r,...i.s. 

I'rom  Toronto 194,850 

"     0.shawa 34,030 

Windsor 55,460 

Credit 11,450 

Total 296,396 


wm:.\r.  „„,|,„, 

Krom  Toronto 10s,  I  Ki 

"     Oshawa I.").,")(i0 

'•     Windsor 24,300 

"     Credit 41,200 


Total 190,176 


Tlic  total  expjrt  bcinir  ecjual  to  334,431  bbls.  flour. 


"  I  have  tlm.s  endeavored  to  au-swer  your  firsl  (|ue.stioji, 
if  not  in  fnli,  at  least  sufficiently  so,  to  enable  you  to  l()nn 
a  f)retty  correct  idea  of  the  extent,  cuaiposition  and  value 
of  tl.i  i  commerce." 

*' Question  'M.—  Tlir  Mmiud   Value  then  of f 

''In  part  answer  to  this  (piestion,  I  Ui  'st'observe,  that 
the  money  value  from  year  to  year,  does  not  i'-ive  any  real 
information  of  its  increase  ;  from  the  v;u-iation  in  the  jjri- 
ces  which  the  same  khid  of  j)roperty  hears  in  differcjit 
years.  The  exports  may  i)e  much  ufreater  one  year  than 
another,  hut  from  \\\v.  ])rices  heinii'  less,  the  money  value 
would  not  sIaow  it,  But  if  100, (MM)  l)l)ls  of  flour  are  shipj)ed 
one  year,  and  150,000  the  next,  the  business  has  evidently 


[\ 


AND   THE   KRIE   CANAL. 


45 


i 


i 


i 


increased,  whether  the  money  vakie  shows  it  or  not.  In 
^•ivin.jr  the  business  in  kind  from  the  ports  I  have  men- 
tioned, I  have  added,  where  I  could,  the  money  value. 

'•To  conclude  my  answer  to  this  question,  I  will  adopt 
the  same  method  I  did  last  year.  The  ascertained  value  of 
the  business  of  this  City  and  Black  Rock  done  on  the  Erie 
canal  and  which  came  from  and  went  on  to  the  lakes,  is  a 

little  sliort  of :  -  -  -  S 40,000,000 

"To  which  add  the  immense  quantities  of 
building-  materials,  coal,  raw  materials  for  our 
manufactures,  provisions  of  all  kinds  for  the 
supply  of  this  city  and  local  markets,  nearly 
the  whole  of  which  come  from  the  lakes,  and 
(he  lart*-e  business  done  on  die  rail-roads  and 
(►tlK^r  sources  to  and  from  the  lakes  may,  wiUi 

great  saAHy,  I )e placed  at ' .^'^^^l 

Making,  a  total  of $5(1,0(10,000 

as  the  amount  of  commerce  of  this   port  alone;  to  which 
must  be  added  the  amount  done  througHi  all  the  other  ports 
on  the  lakes,  and  the  large  amount  of  intermediate  com- 
merce between  the  different  ports,  all  of  whicli  I  consider 
equal  in  amount  to  that  done  through  Buffalo,  the  whole 
formhig-  an  agg-reg-ate  of  $100,000,000  as  the  money  value 
of   the  commerce    of  the    upper  lakes  in   1846,  against 
$6(1.000,000  in  1845;  and  this  without  taking  into  account 
the  large  sums  of  money  carried  over  the  lakes  either  year. 
A  great  increase  has  also  taken  ])lace  on  lake  Ontario  this 
year.     In  1815  it  was  estimated  al  $  15,(100,000 ;  for  '46,  it 
may  wiU»  saiety  be  put  at  $18,000,000." 

"Question  ;>d.—  T//y'  Idnihf   Craft  used,  Skaiii  Bouts, 
Propellers,  Suillni,'  Craft,  and  tonnage  ?" 


li 


46 


COMMERCE   OF   THE    LAKES 


"In  the  year  1845,  there  were  the  fbllowinc-  hiiiiiIxt 
ami  description  of  vessels  owned  and  running-  on  tlie 
Lakes  above  Niai*-ara  Falls,  as  near  as  could  be  ascertained 
by  die  most  careful  inquiry : 


TdMX. 


52  Steam  Boats, 20,500 

H  Propellers, 2,500 

50  Brigs, 11,000 

270  Schooners, 42,000 

380  70,000 

"  The  new  tornia'^'-e  added  in  1810,  and  whi(;h  has  all 
been  employed,  consisted  of  the  lullowinj^-  descrijjtion  of 
vessels : 


Nami'ff. 


Clans. 


A.  D.  Patchin, Stcairior. 

Louisiana,  .  . . ., " 

Hendrik  Hudoon, " 

Albany, 

Saratoga, 

Detroit, 

Islander, 

Nile, 

Algoniah, 

Mishawaka, 


a 
n 
a 


10 

St.  Joseph, Propeller. 

Pocahontas, " 

California, " 

Oneida, 

Cleveland, " 

Lady   of  the   Lake, .... 

Delaware, 

tilobc,   

(ioliah, 

Odd  Fellow, 

10 

Utica, Bark  or  Brig. 

C.  L.  Hutchinson, " 

Ellen  Parker, 

Patrick  Henry, 

L.  A.  Blossom, 

Fashion, 

John  Hancock, 

(ireen  Mountain   lioy, . . 
David  Smart, , 


It 


a 


WliPii'  l.uilt.  Tons. 

Truago,  .Mich "^74 

IJutlaio, 778 

Charleston,  0 751 

Detroit, 700 

Cleveland, ()()2 

New|)ort,    Mich., ;550 

Kelly's  Island,  ()., HO 

Miles,   Mich., ^^0 

Detroit 71 

"      :M 


Bnlihlo, 400 

127 

"        420 

Cleveland, :}4G 

»'         :M2 

"          ;}50 

('harleston,  () iVMi 

Maiiuiee, 3 13 

l»almer,   Mich 280 

(irand  Kivcr,  Mich 200 


4,380 


1,414 


Milwaukee 334 

341 

Chicago, 332 

Eucli(M) 317 

(yOiiiK^uut,  () 25S 

Clevchiid 282 

200 

"        200 

Lexington,  () 20.3 


2,587 


AND    THE    ERIE   CANAL. 


47 


^7 


N.iiK'!!.  Cl»t. 

Outward  Bound, {Schooner. 

(Jeo.  Davi«< 

Philenu   Mills, 

Denmark, 

Lewis  Cass 

Col.  IVmiIom 

Lullior   Wright, 

Vincennos 

G.  T.  Williams, 

C.  T.  Kichnioiid, 

W^atts  Sherman, 

Pmitan 

tS(\'i  Gull, 

S.  L.  Noble ■ 

N.  C.  W^allvor, 

E.  Porter, 

Ellen,    

Harwich 

Ireland 

W'estchester, 

Wolcott 

Alvin  Clark 

New  Hampshire, 

Forester 

R  G.  Allen, 

Mary   A.  Lowiid 


n 
u 
<; 

(( 
i( 

«( 
a 
u 
(( 
(, 
(( 

u 
(. 
a 

u 
«( 
u 


'uita. 


M.   A.    Myers,, 
Saranac,    .... 
^feteor, , 


John   Armstrong,, 


(Jallinipper,  . , 
St.  Clair,.... 
Clemantinc!  . . 

Sweet  Homo, 


u 

u 

(. 

a 

a 

u 
.( 
u 
(( 


no 


Bazma, Sloop. 

BuHalo, 

Morning  Star, 

Sun, 

China, 


a 
u 


Rialto, Seow. 

Fiiherator, " 


Total  No.  oi'  vessels, .  . , 


■     2 


Wliire  built.  I'onj. 

Cleveland, 260 

Milan,  0 2;iM 

Geneva,  0 228 

Cleveland 237 

Charleston,  0 191 

Kacinc,  Wis 190 

Huron, 195 

Charleston, 186 

Irving,  N.  Y 167 

Cleveland, 229 

Butlalo, 199 

Milan,  223 

125 

1- airport,  0 104 

Chicago, 127 

Milwaukee, 70 

Cleveland, 61 

"          75 

"          230 

Charleston, 208 

Maumee, 40 

Truago 220 

Kalamazoo, 80 

Detroit, 108 

"       26 

"      79 


Butlalo 

55 

u 

16 

Detroit 

39 

4k 

32 

«                                .  .  . 

• 26 

145 

(( 

35 

it 

19 

(( 

34 

n 

44 

4,537 


Conneaut 10 

Detroit,    36 

»     38 

35 

, 61 


(( 
(( 


Cleveland, 100 

"  45 


180 


145 


Total  amount  tonnage,. .   91,243 


Deduct  the  estimated   tonnage   lost  during  the  season,  in  which  is 

included  .M  Steam   Boats, 3,500 

Leaving  on  these  [,akes  for  the  business  of  1847,  tons. . . .   87,743 


48 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


m-  )j  f 


"Some  lumdri'ds  of  tons  have  likewise  been  added  by 
rel)uildin,u'  and  enlar^ifing'  old  vessels.  Several  new  and 
larg*!^  steamboats  have  been  built,  but  as  they  were  not 
finished  in  time  to  do  business  in  1846,  they  properly 
beloni,*-  to  the  new  tonnay-e  of  1 847  ;  I  therelbre  exclude 
them.  A  v(^ry  laro-e  number  of  vessels  of  all  descriptions, 
are  now  under  construction,  which  will  be  out  and  in  com- 
mission in  1847,  sufficient  to  swell  the  amount  to  a  <*'oo(l 
deal  over  100,()()()  tons;  being- an  increase  of  more  than 
3.S  1-M  jier  cent,  in  two  years." 

"  Question  4th.— C0.9/  of  the  smne  ?  " 

"The  ca|)ital  invested  in  the  various  description  of  ves- 
sels on  the  uj)i)er  lakes,  is  not  far  fiom  $6,()()0,0()().  About 
$1,()()0,00()  has  been  expended  durin^'  the  last  year  in  the 
construction  of  new,  and  the  rej)airino',  fittiniif  up  and  en- 
laro-ing-  old  ones." 

"  Question  r)th. — Number  of  mariiwrs  eni^agcd  in  nnvi- 
gatinij^  the  cmft  ?  " 

"  The  various  description  of  vessels  eng'ag'ed  in  this 
commerce,  employ,  as  seamen  and  others,  about  six  thou- 
sand persons  to  navii^rate  them." 

"Question  Oth. — Prohablr  annual  expense (f  sustainini^ 
mariners  and  craft  ? "' 

"  I  have  submitted  this  question  for  an  answer  to  some 
of  our  most  extensive  shijjping'  merchants,  and  they  have 
furnished  me  with  the  fig-ures  of  their  calculation,  liy 
which  it  appears,  that  the  amoimt  ]iaid  out,  for  wag-es, 
wood,  coal,  provisions,  current  repairs,  and  other  expen- 
ses, (exclusive  of  insurance  and  interest  on  the  capital)  is 
about  $1,750,000 ;  which  will,  of  course,  increase  as  our 
Lake  Marine  enlarg-es." 


AND    THE    ERIK    CANAL. 


19 


"  Qiiostioii  Till. — Nionhcr  of  passcn^crfi  llrst  <nid  East, 
from  BnJJ'd/o,  for  years  iibon  stated  ?  ' 

"Since,  and  includinir,  the  vcnr  l8'>o,  down  to  the  close 
of  18U),  with  the  exception  of  'o(»,  o7,  nnd  oS,  an  annual 
Association  has  been  fbnvied  nniony-st  all  the  steamboats  on 
the  liakes,  and  their  accounts  settled  at  on(^  office.  With 
this  Association,  I  have  been  coniiected,  in  the  cajiacity  of 
Secretary  and  General  Ag-ent,  for  the  whole  tiini^  it  has 
existed,  except  the  years  ISo')  and  ISoO. 

"As  such  ag-ent,  I  had  tlie  chariie  i)^  all  the  way-bills  oi' 
tiie  diffi-rent  boats,  containing-  the  names  of  passengers  up 
and  down  th(>  lakes,  hi  I  ^'-.'>).  I  was  very  careful  hi  keepinij;' 
an  account  of  the  number  each  way.  Au'ain  in  181-"),  this 
was  done  by  a  sfentleman  of  i»Teat  correctness,  in  the  em- 
ploy of  the  Association.  He  reported  the  number  and 
desi<>'nat(Ml  ttie  places  where  they  landed  U'oiuLi  up;  and  a 
computation  of  the  passeng-ers  fi-om  the  West  was  niad(^ ; 
also,  an  estimate  ol"  the  num})er  of  those  who  took  other 
conveyances  than  steamboats — anil  he  made  th(^  total 
number  y)assing'  in  all  directions  throug'h  th(^se  Up|)er  liakes 
to  be  near  20tl,()0(). 

"  This  season,  that  is,  tor  18  16,  the  numlxn-  has  increased 
twenty-five  f)er  cent,  estinuUing-  fi-om  the  receipts  oC  the 
hoats,  and  compared  widi  I84r\  whicli  will  g'ive  a  total 
of  2,H),0()0.  A  g-reater  number  thim  usu.il  of  the  np  pas- 
seng-ers  have  been  emig-rants.  No  account  has  ever  been 
made  of  the  number  of  passeng-ers  for  any  odier  years,  than 
those  I  have  stated." 

"Question  M\.— Probable  rate  of  increase  of  this  Com- 
merce, and  ami  views  ichic/t  in  your  judgement  would  serrc 
to  i/lusirate  these  several  points,  and  also  in  reference  to 
the  trade  of  the  Western  Rivers  ?" 

F 


m 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


"A  ^Toater  increase  in  the  number  and  fonnai»-e  of  ili(> 
various  description  of  vessels  used,  is  now  under  eonstruo 
tion  around  tiiese  lak(!s,  tiiis  winter,  dian  has  ever  taken 
place  in  iuiy  one  year  hefbre.  Lariife  quantities  of  t»rain  of 
last  year's  erop,  remain  on  hand  to  y-o  to  nwnket  next 
sprinir;  and  the  hig-h  prices  which  all  kinds  of  ai-ricuiturid 
products  bare,  will  carry  every  thiny-  of  that  kind  forward; 
and  will  furnish  the  means  to  larq-ely  inereast!  the  retinn 
Commerce. 

'"The  quantity  of  hmd  under  eidtivalion  i>^  much  <>Teat- 
er  than  formerly,  and  so  far  as  I  can  gel  inlbrmation,  the 
erops  in  the  g-round,  look  ami  promise  well.  Should  we 
have  a  favorable  season  we  may  safely  belli; v(3  a  much 
g-reater  cultivation  of  sumHoer  crops  will  be  liiadethan  has 
heretofore  been  done.  Corn  has  become  an  established 
article  of  food  and  commerce  with  the  Old  World,  and  the 
price  it  will  bring  in  market,  will  furnish  strong-  induce- 
ments to  extend  its  culture,  large  as  it  is,  in  the  Wt\»<tern 
States.  The  population  around  Uiese  lakes  has  swelled  (o 
that  number,  and  are  so  well  su})pli<'(l  with  all  dial  is 
necessary  to  aid  them,  they  work  i(»  better  advantag-e 
than  during"  their  early  and  more  de])endant  condition.  All 
these  things  combined,  must  continue  to  aug-ment  this 
commerce,  but  at  what  rate  per  cent  I  will  not  undertake  to 
say. 

"  My  knowledge  of  the  commerce  of  the  Western  rivers 
is  not  personal,  but  is  gathered  altog-ether  from  the  pub- 
lished statements  I  see  in  the  newsj)apers.  That  it  is 
now  very  larg"<%  and  increasing  very  rapidly,  giving  em- 
ployment to  capital  and  labor,  is  clearly  shown  in  the 
statements  of  it,  made  from  y(;ar  to  year.  That  it  will 
continue  to  increase,  and  vejy  greatly  too,  must,  from  the 


1 


AND    THR    ERIE   CANAL. 


51 


necessity  of  tlie  case,  he  tlie  I'acl.  The  older  parts  ol'  the 
West,  who  use  these  channels,  are  filling"  np  with  people; 
while  far  beyond,  new  openini^s  are;  bein^"  njade  in  rich 
and  pro(hirtive  hinds.  NotliiiiL!'  can  stay  its  forward 
i»i'owth. 

'This  coinnieree,  like  tliat  of  the  Lakes,  has  already  be- 
come so  larue,  such  immense  amotnits  of  jjroperty  pass 
them  exi>o.s('d  to  all  the  dang-ers  of  their  navigation,  that  a 
settled  and  deep  conviction  has  taken  possession  of  the 
public  mind,  sometliinL''  must  be  done  for  its  protection. 
The  remedy  is  l)eyond  the  j)ower  of  individual  effort,  and 
not  within  the  prescribed  duties  and  rights  of  the  several 
States  through  wliicli  these  Lakes  and  Rivers  run.  The 
necessity  and  the  duty,  thei-efore,  I'alls  u|)on  the  General  Go- 
vernment to  step  Ibrward  (md  do  what  no  one  else  can  do, 
(uid  thus  confer  honor  on  itself,  in  consulting-  die  best  inter- 
'stsof  the  ))resent  many,  and  die  coming-  millions,  who  will 

time  inhabit  these  portions  of  our  common  country. 

"  Having-  thus  answered  your  several  questions,  I  will, 
as  invited,  make  some  general  remarks  appertaining-  to  the 
business. 

"Almost  every  othei-  port  around  these  Lakes,  as  well 
as  Buffalo,  (vlev(;land  and  Sandusky,  are  visited  by  foreign 
vessels  ;  but  from  them  only,  have  I  seen  any  report  ])ub- 
lished,  of  the  numljer  which  has  entered  and  cleared. 
These  (breign  vessels  tlo  not  visit  our  ports  merely  Ibr  die 
pur])ose  of  introducing  imports  for  sale,  but  to  purchase 
and  carry  ott'  our  own  products. 

"A  very  extensive  business  is  done  at  the  ports  of  Black 
River,  Grand  River,  Ashtabula,  Conneaut,  Barcelona,  Silver 
Creek  and  Cattai-augus,  on  Lake  Erie,  in  die  aggregate  to 
several  millions  of  dollars;  but  I  am  not  iu  possession  of 


■  "III 


52 


COMMERCE   OF    THE   LAKES 


!-l::l 


li 


P  i 


details  cnoujrh  of  their  business  to  s;->ecify  the  amount  ami 
of  what  it  is  composed.  The  same  blank  exists  with  me, 
with  reofard  to  the  details  of  the  comiiierce  of  all  the  ports 
on  Lake  Michio-an,  excej)t  the  fragments  of  their  business 
I  have  stated." 

It  is  ijreatly  to  be  desired,  and  I  hope  it  may  be  done  at 
the  close  of  the  business  ii^.  18J7,  that  every  port  around 
these  lakes,  will  make  up  detailed  statements  of  their  ex- 
poits  and  im])orts,  with  the  value  of  each,  disting-uishing- 
between  Foreign  aiifl  American,  the  number  of  arrivals 
and  d(^partures,  foreign  and  coastwise;  the  names  and 
number  of  tons  of  each  steamboat,  propeller,  and  sail  ves- 
sel, marking  the  new  ones  that  come  out  and  do  business 
in  1847,  and  the  numoer  of  men  required  to  navigate 
them,  stating  the  collection  district  withi)i  which  the  port 
is  situated;  with  the  losses  in  number  of  vessels  and  tons, 
amount  of  dan:age  and  loss  of  cargo,  and  including  ihe 
number  of  lives  lost,  if  any,  and  all  othei-  particulars  of  the 
commerce  of  that  jKn-t.  Could  this  be  done  for  only  one 
year,  and  some  person  would  undertake  the  labor  of  col- 
lerting  and  arranging  these  ditrerent  reports  in  the  aggre- 
gate, it  would  pn;senl  the  mosi  correct  a>id  gratifving  view 
of  the  lake  comujei'ce  ever  ol)tained. 

This  is  the  only  way  1  can  think  of,  that  justice  can  be 
done  to  each  ])ort,  or  to  iho  i^enei-al  commerce  of  all,  or 
its  nicTgnitude  and  impcjrtance  at  all  realised,  save  by  those 
only  who  are  engaged  in  it,  or  reside  in  the  neighborhood 
of  the  lakes. 

'•The  whole  season  of  )iavigation  has  been  unusually 
favorable  to  ojx'i-ations  on  tin;  lakes,  and  fewer  disasters 
in  loss  of  livi^s  ;nid  vessels,  and  damage  of  ))roperty  have 
occurred  this  year  than  tlu^  last.     What   losses  did  occur, 


? 


AND   THE   ERIE    CANAL. 


53 


g-enerally  took  place  late  in  the  scayou.  The  amount  of 
tonnag-e  lost  is  not  far  irom  three  thousand  five  hundred 
tons ;  amongst  other  vessels  lost,  were  three  Steam  Boats, 
No  very  full  and  accurate  accounts  of  losses  in  lives  and 
property  have  been  collected,  luU  from  such  as  I  have,  the 
losses  in  vessels  and  cariifoes  will  be  about  $'200,000,  and 
the  number  of  lives,  thirty-five," 

"As  the  tonnagr  on  thc^  Lakes  increases,  more  and 
more  inconvenience  is  felt  and  expressed  about  the  want 
of  harbors  of  some  kind  to  shelter  it  in.  The  water  in  all 
the  Lakes,  in  1846,  had  reached  a  very  low  stag-e,  owing-, 
probably,  in  some  measure,  to  a  succession  of  two  or  three 
very  dry  and  hot  summers,  causing'  g-i-eat  evaporation,  and 
but  little  rain  falling'  durino-  the  same  time,  there  was  no 
new  suji])ly  to  n^plenish  tlx^n.  The  water  in  Lake  Erie, 
during- the  spring- and  fall  months,  particularly  the  fall,  was 

•  ,  ,  , 

uncommoiily  low;  to  that  (le<rrtM\  as  to  render  it  qmte  m- 
convenient,  if  not  dang-eroiis,  to  enter  any  port  on  this 
Lake  exce])t  Grand  River,  with  larg'o  vessels  full  freig-hted. 
And  the  labor  and  ex])ense,  from  the  same  cause,  have 
been  g-reatly  increased,  in  uetting-  stcvamboats  ajid  vessels 
over  the  flats  in  Lake  St.  Clair.  It  has  re(|uired,  during- 
the  whole  season,  two  and  sometimes  four  steamboats, 
with  other  lig-hters,  t(»  aid  the  various  craft  employed  in 
the  Upper  Lake  trade,  U)  ))ass." 

"A  ^ig'orous  effort  was  m;idc  last  season,  by  a  few  indi- 
viduals, in  the  hope  that  all  interested  in  vessels  would 
heartily  unit(^  and  jiay  their  proportion,  to  deepen  the  chan- 
nel through  thes(>  flats.  They  obtained  the  use  of  the 
g'overnment  steam  dredg-e  at  Ei-ie,  towed  it  to  the  flats, 
and  employed  a  suj)erinten(lent  and  foj-ty  men  for  about 
two  months,   when,   finding  but  little  di;;position  g-enerally 


54 


COMMERCE   OF    THE    LAKES 


■*■  }.-■■,< 

ill 


^4 


to  contribute  any  thing*  to\vard.s  the  expense,  and  it  be- 
comino-  very  onerous  to  a  few,  after  spending  several  tliou- 
sand  dollars,  they  did,  as  the  government  has  done  in  all 
its  works  on  these  Lakes,  abandon  their  undertaking,  in- 
curring the  loss  of  the  money  ex))ended,  without  any  bene- 
fit, because  unable  to  com])lcte  it.  A  few  thousand  dollars 
more  would  have  made  this  channel  very  available,  and 
saved  many  thousands  of  dollars  annually  paid  for  light- 
erage to  cross  it.  The  money  a))})roj)riated  in  the  River  and 
Harbor  Bill  ($40,000)  at  the  last  session  of  Coiflgress,would 
have  been  much  more  than  saved  to  the  Western  people, 
during  1846,  in  the  cheapening  of  the  freight  on  theii'  pro- 
perty, which  must  ])ass  here,  be  the  expense  what  it  may. 

"  The  water  in  these  Lakes  is  the  highest  in  July  and 
August,  having  received  the  benefit  of  the  si)ring  rains  and 
melting  of  the  snows  in  the  boundless  regions  of  the  Nortli- 
West.  During  these  months  the  freightijig  and  pressure 
of  business  is  the  lightest,  and  vetjsels  experience  less 
difficulty  on  these  flats  and  the  want  of  liarbor  improve- 
ments. The  spring  and  fall  months  are  the  times  when 
the  business  is  rushing' — when  more  vessels,  more  pro- 
perty, and  more  lives,  are  exposed  to  the  mercy  of  the 
elements. 

"Caj)t.  Miles,  who  had  chari>'e  of  the  Steam  Dredge  on 
these  flats,  i-eports  that  in  July  last,  tlic  Iblluwing  vessels 
passed  them :  • 


Steamboats 


1 


H 


ropellcrs, 537 


rifis 


f)}) 


Schooners, 128 


Coasters, 


Total, 


__81 
'Mi'} 


of  which  31  grounded  and  light(?red  in  crossing.    From  the 
I8di  to  the  ;)Oth  June,  he  says  he  did  not  keej)  a  r(!gister. 


I 


"T 


^ 


AND   THE    ERIE    CANAL.  55 

but  a  ereater  number  of  bricfs  and  schooners  passed,  and  a 
greater  numl)er  in  jiroportion  g-rounded,  and  were  lig-hteerd 
and  towed  over  tlie  flats  than  in  the  month  ol'  July. 

"The  foregoing"  list  of  vessels  passing  these  flats  in  one 
month,  will  q-ive  a  pretty  fair  idea  of  the  present  commerce 
west  of  Detroit ;  and  which  is  largely  increasing  every 

year. 

"  To  give  some  faint  conception  how  rapidly  the  great 
West  is  being  setded  and  improved,  and  the  vast  business 
to  pass  ovei-  diese  lakes  in  a  few  sliort  years,  to  and  from 
this  quarter,  I  will  ))resent  the  change  which  has  taken 
place  in  Wisconsin : 

In  1B;30  the  poptiliition  was ;}.'24.) 

1636        ••                   "        lb<H<5 

1;^4()        u                   «        ,  , 30,84r> 

[w(40        a                   "        4(),67^^ 

IS  i(i  in  .Tuly ;  •  •  •  l-^^V-i'-i? 

and  the  hiflux  of  emii^rants  the  past  year  has  been  greater 
than  any  previous  season.  I^|)  to  b^40  they  imported  their 
supplies  of  every  kind,  including  jirovisions.  In  1846,  they 
not  only  fed  diemselvfs,  biu  suj)plied  the  army  "f  new 
emio-rants;  and  of  their  siirplns  remaining,  diey  exported 
throngh  the  lakes  between  thr(;e  and  l()ur  nuni-uis  of  dol- 
lars in  value,  mainly  in  agiiculte.ral  products.  Of  tlie  lead 
and  shot  made  in  th(^  same  State,  during  the  last  year,  and 
which  ])rincipally  souuht  a  market  via.  the  Mississippi 
liiver,  1  cannot   state,  hut  it  is  known  to  be  \(My  large  in 

quantity  and  value 

"There  was  sold  in  the  Milwaukie  Land  District,  from 
January  to  December  iSlC),  :5.:r-i;>2()  acres  of  land,  lor 
which  there  was  re(M"ived  .S117,S1M');  by  which  it  appears 
that  tiiis  land  distriel  alone,  paid  iulo  die  treasury  of  the 
United  Suites  near  half  a  juillion  of  dollars.     Could  only  a 


If  ! 


56 


COMMERCE   OF   THE    LAKES 


si  I' 

I  Jii  I 


i 

p 


I 


small  portion  of  this  money  been  allowed  to  be  expended 
in  making-  that  harbor  accessible  to  vessels  in  stormy  wea- 
ther, I  shonld  not  liave  to  record  the  loss  of  the  Steamboat 
Boston,  (costing-  over  $60,000  in  the  spring-,  when  she 
came  out)  filled  with  emigrants  and  others  with  their 
effects,  g-oing-  to  take  possession  of  their  newly  pin-chased 
land,  being  driven  on  the  shore  of  the  lak^  md  wrecked, 
near  the  mouth  of  a  harbor  which  should  have  sheltered 
her,  but  into  which  she  could  not  enter. 

"There  are  other  sionificant  chnnoes  ixo'inii;  forward  in 
the  West  of  no  little  importance — they  are  rapidly  conver- 
ting Territories  into  States,  imj)ortant  ingredients  with  poli- 
ticians, hi  President  making.  As  States  increase  iji  that 
quarter,  vetoes,  injui'iously  afieeting  tlieir  most  vital  inte- 
rests, will  become  nuich  less  necessary. 

"Such  is  a  bri^^f  sketcii  of  tlie  Lake  Commerce  ihr  the 
year  1846.  A  conunerce  as  much  national  and  foreign  in 
its  character  as  that  whicli  floats  on  the  Atlantic,  and  grea- 
ter in  amount  in  value  tlian  the  whole  export  commerce 
oC  the  country,  from  all  its  sea))orts.  Scarcely  a  pound 
of  this  conmierce  but  moves  (or  hundrcMls  of  miles  in  sight 
of  a  fbrei^'n  countrv,  and  one  vrith  which  it  has  i^-reat  and 
constantly  increasing-  transactions.  A  commence  which 
the  Government  has  surrounded  with  its  Custom  Houses, 
thrown  the  strong-  (u-m  of  its  courts  of  admiralty  over  it, 
and  visits  U])on  it  the  same  penalties  lor  its  infractions  of 
the  revenue  laws,  that  is  m<  ted  (»nt  to  the  Ocean  com- 
merce. But  it  is  tr(>ated  by  many  as  not  entitl(Ml  of  right 
to  a  just  proportion  of  pu!)lic  expenditures  for  its  protec- 
tion and  safety,  because  Cod,  in  His  wisdom,  did  not  cause 
salt  w^ater  instejul  of  fresh  to  fill  these  gieat  T^akes,  and 
create  a  tide  that  would  ebb  and  How  unon  them." 


AND    THE    ERIE    CANAL. 


57 


"  It  has  .struf^-o-led,  during-  its  wliole  existence,  with  the 
greatest  of  difflcuUies  and  exposure  to  the  elements,  with- 
out suitable  harbors  to  sheUer  it  in;  but  it  lias  been  con- 
ducted by  a  race  of  men  of  untiring-  enterprise  and  indus- 
try, and  they  have  brought  it  to  its  jiresent  conmianding- 
position.  Its  imj)ortance  to  oiu*  common  country,  in  every 
point  of  view,  is  daily  more  and  more  ])eing  realised  and 
acknowledg-ed,  its  friends  are  increasing-  and  clustering 
around  it  in  ureal  numbers  and  decision  of  purj)ose;  and 
they  have  only  to  i)er.^evere,  being  well  assured  that  this 
g-reat  national  source  of  |)rosperity,  involving  the  best 
interests  of  so  many  States,  will,  ere  long,  succeed  in 
having  its  just  share  of  jr.iblic  expenditures  for  its  protec- 
tion and  safety." 


G 


ri 


THE  TRUE  ClIAL  POLICY 


OK    THK 


'■■  s 


1   r 

111 


1 ''' 


STATE    OF   NEW-YORK 


Connected  with  the  future  o^rowth  and  prooress  fyf  tlie 
Lake  Commerce  is,  the  necessity  of  some  channel  oi"  snfH- 
cient  capacity  to  pass  the  annually  increasini^  productions 
of  the  West  to  the  sea])oard,  and  to  supply  their  return 
wants.  The  Erie  Canal,  in  its  j)resent  limited  condition,  is 
unable  to  do  it,  and  the  pressure  that  will  be  made  u]ion 
it,  will  cause  the  price  of  transportation  to  be  kept  at  such 
a  hig-h  rate,  as  g-reatly  to  diminish  in  value,  not  only  the 
property  of  the  Western  people,  l)ut  that  of  our  own  citi- 
zens, to  g-et  their  prodiicts  to  market. 

The  producers  of  New- York  must  not  expect  they  can 
have  their  property  transi)orted  any  cheaper  than  what  the 
Westeri:  people  are  ol)lig-ed  to  pay,  and  the  quantity  to  be 
carried  will  so  certainly  increase  as  to  always  keep  the 
price  of  transportation  at  a  high  rate,  and  j)revent  the  car- 
riag-e  to  market  of  a  vast  (piantity  of  property  of  cheap 
value,  that  would  otherwise  go  there.  Only  the  most  vfju- 
able  productions  of  the  country  will  be  able  to  sustain 
themselves  under  the  high  price  of  trans))ortation,  and 


1 

.: 


I 


,. 


■■■'% 


THE    TRUE    CANAL    POLICY. 


59 


there  will  he  always  enoug-h  of  them  to  employ  all  the  ton- 
nag-e  the  canal  can  accommodate.  Staves,  coarse  lumher, 
(Mial,  and  a  variety  of  cheap  articles,  which  can  only  be 
moved  on  canals,  and  wliich  would  furnish  a  vast  amount 
of  employment  for  labor,  and  give  fair  returns  to  the  own- 
ers, if  the  canal  was  sufficiently  large  to  enable  larger 
sized  and  a  greatei*  number  of  boats  to.  move  on  it,  will  be 
entirely  excluded. 

The  o-rowth  of  the  West  cannot  be  impeded  or  checked, 
it  has  become  too  strong  and  forehanded  (or  that :  it  will 
go  on,  and  if  the  State  of  New-York  is  not  desirous  of  do- 
ino"  their  business  and  receiving-  the  revenue  it  will  afford, 
other  channels  will  be  sought  out,  and  other  States  will  be 
glad  to  get  what  we  reject.  Western  products  will  seek 
a  market  on  the  seaboard,  and  come  into  competition  with 
our  own.  We  can  charge  their  property  so  high  as  to 
prevent  its  passage  through  our  channels ;  but  we  nnist 
suffer  the  consequent  loss  of  revenue  and  business  which 
their  trade  would  give  us;  and  which  would  be  an  impor- 
tant offset  for  the  diminution  in  the  price  we  should  have  to 
submit  to,  when  our  property  met  theirs  in  the  seaboard 

market. 

Our  Cities  and  Towns  would  grow  but  slowly,  our  do- 
mestic markets  would  be  curtailed,  our  farmers,  instead  of 
selling  at  home  for  good  prices  their  surplus,  relieved  from 
the  cliarges  of  distant  transportation  and  other  expenses, 
would  have  their  products  subjected  to  all  these  incum- 
brances and  be  under  the  necessity  of  selling  in  markets 
overstocked  from  other  States. 

Only  two  or  three  years  ago  nuich  anxiety  w^as  felt 
about  the  draft  the  Welland  Canal  was  making  on  the  bu- 
siness and  revenue  of  the  State,  and  much  fear  expressed 


60 


THE    TRUE   CANAL   POLICY 


\>\  t 


I    .f^ 


that  the  then  existing-  hi|G:h  rate  of  toll  would  force  the 
g-reater  portion  of  the  l)usiness  via,  Osweofo  throug-Ji  the 
Welland  Canal  to  and  from  the  Western  States.  The  Ca- 
nal Board  most  wisely  reduced  the  rates  of  toll,  and  such 
immediate  and  beneficial  effects  liave  resulted  from  this 
sensible  and  judicious  course,  that  the  increase  of  business 
it  has  drawn  towards  these  two  routes  is  so  g"reat,  as  to 
overstock  both,  and  has  added  largely  to  the  revenues  of 
the  State.  No  complaint  is  heard  about  the  want  of  busi- 
ness on  either  route ;  but  both  say,  increase  the  caj)acity 
of  the  Canal  sufficient  to  keep  up  with  the  business  seek- 
higtobe  done  upon  it. 

New  channels  of  communication  are  opening-  every  year 
throug-hout  the  Western  States,  all  leading-  in  this  direction; 
and  a  new  source  of  business,  the  Canada  trade,  is  fully 
open  to  us  by  tiie  late  laws  of  Congress;  which  will  give 
a  large  increase  of  business  to  the  Erie  Canal.  In  proof 
of  this,  there  was  of  one  single  article,  tliat  of  sugar,  no 
less  than  2,500  tons  transported  on  the  Erie  Canal,  and 
export€'d  into  Canada,  via.  Oswego,  in  I84<»,  with  large 
quantities  of  other  articles,  Ijoth  ways.  'Vha  advantage  to 
the  Cajiadians  of  tins  route  has  been  fully  illusti'ated  the 
past  season;  and  ])rej)arations  are  now  making  there,  (or 
using  this  channel  extensively  the  coming  season,  in  pas- 
sing off  their  })roductions,  and  receiving  in  return  the  great- 
er portion  of  their  su})plies  They  deem  it  important  to 
have  the  choice  of  channels — ))articularly  as  the  navigation 
of  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence,  lor  over  six  months,  is  ob- 
structed by  ice,  and  during  two  or  diree  other  months  more 
it  is  (|uite  hazardous.  So  long  as  cheap  freight  and  aiisu- 
ran(te  rates  aje  kept  upon  lln'  Kiic  Canal,  this  route,  via. 
Oswego,  Buli'alo,  and  other  American  ports,  will   be  tht; 


& 


I 


OK    THE    STATE    OF    NEW-YOUK. 


61 


i 


preferred  one.  If"  our  Canal  was  enlar«>e(l,  almost  the 
entire  trade  of  Upper  Canada  would  seek  that  channel 
under  tht;  drawback  law. 

The  following*  resolutions  have  been  recently  passed  at 
a  meeting*  of  Merchants,  held  in  the  CiLyof  Toronto,  Upper 
Canada,  expressive  of  their  feeling's  and  intentions  on  this 
sidjject : 

Resnloed;  1.  That  the  system  oi"  forwarding  merchandise,  prao 
tisod  in  (Janada,  and  the  character  of  our  passage  boats,  are  ill 
ada[)ted  to  the  wants  of  the  Provii."e,  and  have  entailed  serious 
loss  and  inconvenience  on  the  merf^antile  interests  of  the  country. 
That  this  meeting  is  deeply  impressed  with  the  necessity  ot  a  speedy 
and  entire  reform  of  th(;  system,  and  resolves  to  take  iminediatc 
steps  for  the  organization  of  a  .loint  Stock  (Jompany,  the  object  of 
which  shall  be  to  place  on  the  (Janadimi  waters  a  line  of  Steamers 
and  Propellers,  ade(iuate  to  transacting  the  business  of  the  country, 
in  the  best  manner,  and  at  the  lowest  ))0ssible  rates. 

'2.  That  the  urgent  necessity  of  having  a  line  of  Stcamcn's  or 
Foreign  Propellers  established  between  Toronto  and  Oswego,  at 
an  early  day,  is  deeply  felt  by  this  meeting,  and  it  is  of  opinion  that 
the  iirst  exertion  of  the  new  Company  should  be  devoted  to  this 
bran(di  of  the  trade. 

.*}.  That  a  Stock  Book  be  now  opened,  and  that  a  Managing 
Committee  be  apfiointcd  to  bring  the  movement  before  the  public, 
and  procure  subscriptions  to  the  capital  stock  ol"  the  (Jompany;  and 
that  so  soon  as  the  sum  of  -CjOOO  or  over  has  been  subscribed,  the 
committee  shall  call  a  meeting  of  the  stockholders,  to  determine  the 
future  course  of  the  Association,  and%  elect  Directors. 

Durinii' the  season  of  1 S47,  the  Illinois  Canal  will  be 
completed,  (^onnectinii-  the  Lakes  with  the  Mississipj)i  Ri- 
ver, and  exteiidinir  the  iwon  of  trade  immensely.  At  !)<  - 
troit,  the  Central  Railroad  of  Michigan,  running-  thi'oug-h  a 
populous  and  well-cultivated  |)or(ion  of  the  State,  termi- 
nates. The  Fontiac  Railroad,  running-  into  another  impor- 
tant part  of  th(^  State,  likewise  cuds  at  Detroit.  At  Mon- 
roe, the  Southern  Railroad  of  Michiifan  ends.  Tliis  Road 
pa8S(\s  throtigh  the  Soutliern  tier  of  Counties  in  that  State, 
already  large  exporters  of  produ(;e.     At  Toledo,  two  Ca- 


62 


THE  TRUE  CANAI,  POLICY 


it 


hv 


m 

't  V 


r      1 


nals  and  one  Railroad  come  in.     One,  tiie  Wabash  Canal, 
upon  which  much  business  was  done  in   1846,  will   this 
year  ])e  much  improved,  and  be  made  capable  of  dointif  a 
•ifreat  deal  more.     This  Canal  passes  through  the  heart  of 
the  g-reatest  corn  j^rowini*-  and  pork  makini»-  portion  of  the 
Western  country,  from  whence  an  immense  amount  of  trade 
will  seek  the  Erie   Canal,  as  the  prelerred  channel  for  a 
market.     The  other,  the  Miami  Extension,  branches  from 
the  Wabash  Canal  to  Cincinnati,  and  passes  tln*oug-h  one 
of  the   richest  portions  of  the   State  of  Ohio.     The  Erie 
and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  runs  into  the  interior,  in  much  the 
same  direction  as  the  Southern  Railroad  of  Miclii^'-an.     At 
the  City  of  Sandusky,  two  Railroa(ls  meet  the  Lake ;  one, 
running-  to  Cincinnati,  completed  the  entire  distance  with 
the  exception  of  a  few  miles — the  other,  to  Mansfield,  in 
Richland  County,  throug-h  some  of  the  g-reatest  wheat- 
g-rowing"  Counties  of  the  State.     At  Cleveland,  the  Ohio 
Canal  connects  the  Lake  and  the  Ohio  River  together  ;  this 
Canal,  after  running-  into  the  State  some  distance,  has  short 
cuts  and  other  Canals,  radiating-  from  it  into  other  parts  of 
the  State.     The  Erie  Extension  Canal,  from  Erie  to  the 
Ohio  River,  was  opened  ihv  Inisiness  in  1845,  and  furnished 
a  larg-e  amount  of  trade  for  our  Canal,  which  will   be  an- 
nually   increasing-.     The   extensive   iron   and    coal    beds, 
throug-h  which  this  Canal  passes,  oi-  near  to,  and  the  very 
extensive  and  valuable  timber  in  that  part  of  Pennsylvania, 
for  making-  staves  and  for  other  purposes,  will  add  greiUly 
to  the  business  to  be  done  upon  it.     There  are  now  more 
than  one  dozen  furnaces  (and  more  erecting)  for  making- 
pig-  iron  and  casting-s,  along-  the  lino  of  the  Canal,  that  de- 
sire to  use  the  Erie  Canal  route,  and  through  om-  State,  to 
find  a  market.     And  the  whole  trade  of  Upper  Canada  be- 


/ 


y 


I 


OF   THF.    RTATR    OP    NF.W-YORK. 


(i:{ 


/ 


y 


\\\ir  now  open  to  us,  is  <'(Hially  desirous  use  this  same  route, 
as  beiiijjf  the  cheapest,  safest,  and  most  expeditious  one  to 
do  their  business  upon. 

Such  is  a  brief  sketcii  of  tlie  <jfreat  avenues  ah-eady 
opened  and  beini^  opened,  leadinsf  t(»  the  Erie  Canal,  and 
whit:li  are  bein<ic  ii»i)»'oved  to  do  business — surrounded  l)y 
extensively  fertile  lands,  occupied  by  industrious  and  enter- 
prisinir  settlers,  who  are  dilijJi'ently  and  successfully  devel- 
oping* the  resources  ol'  liic  country  throuo-h  which  these 
channels  ])as.^,  at  a  r.ile  that  almost  surpasses  conii)re- 
hension. 

The  vast  ])roductions  of  the  Western  cotintry  rntist  find 
market  on  the  s(>abourd.  Is  not  this  trade  worth  secur- 
ing-, not  only  lor  the  revenues  it  would  put  into  the  State 
Treasury,  but  lor  the  innuense  additional  business  it  would 
furjiish  to  our  citizens,  in  the  various  occupations  in  which 
they  are  emraged  1 

This  Western  trade  is  a  i*reat  jirize.  in  the  estimation  of 
other  States  and  Foieii^fn  countries,  and  is  deemed  by  them 
worth  veiy  large  expenditures  to  obtain  it,  or  only  a  por- 
tion of  it.  On  one  side,  the  British  Government  are  ex- 
pendini,'-  very  large  sums  in  improving  their  channels  of 
communication,  to  invite  this  trade  through  them  by  every 
convenience  that  great  outlays  of  money  can  give ;  on  the 
other,  Pennsylvania,  Maryland,  Virginia,  Carolina  and 
Louisiana,  are  not  idle  competitors.  At  this  very  time, 
a  convention  is  in  session  in  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania, 
the  business  of  which  is  to  construct  a  railroad,  coimecting 
the  city  of  Philadelphia  with  the  Lakes.  This  work,  if 
done,  will  recjuire  an  outlay  of  many  millions  of  dollars, 
but  will  never  be  an  Erie  ciinuL 


04 


THE    TRUE   CANAr.    POMCY 


E*<. 


Ill 


Shall  no  corrospoiKliiiiif  cHort,  at  a  much  less  outlay  in 
uionry  and  lime,  he  made  hy  tli<^  State  of  New- York,  not 
to  uet,  for  that  she  ah'eady  has;  hut  to  jnrscrvc,  incrrasr, 
(ind  ever  retain  this  rapidly  aecumulatini>-  trade?  This  is 
an  important  matter  to  this  State,  in  its  varied  Ag-ricultural, 
Mechanical,  Mercantile  and  Commercial  relations,  {uid  to 
no  portion  of  it,  is  it  of  L^'reater  consccpience  than  to  the 
city  of  New- York. 

From  the  v<n'y  he^'iniiimr  of  that  city,  down  to  July, 
1S17,  wlien  the  coiistrnction  of  the  Erie  Canal  was  com- 
menced, a  jieriod  of  near  two  huiidi-ed  years,  with  all  her 
outward  trade,  and  every  S(;a  in  the  world  at  her  command 
she  had  reached  in  j)0])ulation  to  about  125,000,  and  was 
limited  in  wealth  and  facilities  of  business.  That  g-reat 
fountain  of  wealth,  the  internal  trade  of  the  country,  she 
had  never  broached; — the  plough  of  the  woods  and  prairie.s 
had  never  filled  her  broad  and  capr?ious  liarbor  with  the 
white  sails  of  commerce; — the  g-reat  Erie  Canal  had  not 
been  constructed.  Since  1817,  all  these  thing-s  have  been 
done,  and  wLat  is  Xwy  condition  now?  Her  popula- 
tion has  g-rown  to  THIOjOOO,  if  we  include  the  numerous 
towns  around  her,  and  which  have  grown  up  out  of  her; 
her  wealth  has  increased  to  that  deg-ree  that  she  controls 
the  financial  o])erations  of  the  Nation,  steam  and  sail  ves- 
sels visit  her  port  from  every  ([uarter  of  the  world,  and 
she  is  felt  and  acknowledg-ed  as  the  great  Conimmcrdal 
Empnriwn,  of  the  ContlnoU. 

I  am  not  in  possession  of  recent  statistics  of  diat  city, 
to  present  her  greatness  as  it  is  at  this  time,  but  I  have 
some  of  former  years,  showing-  her  gig-antic  strides  to 
wealth  and  g-reatness,  as  well  as  the  leeer  which  set  her 
in  motion. 


I 


I 


OF    THE    STATE    OK    NEW-YOIIK 


Of) 


In  1817,  till'  valuation  of  property  in  that  city  was 
$57,79'.),  I'^'J ;  ft'<»»  '17  to '2'),  cig-lit  years,  during-  which 
an  extensive  forr'ntti  conniierce  was  carried  on,  the  in- 
crease was  less  than  a  million  of  dollars.  In  the  fall  of 
iH^r),  th(!  Erie  Canal  was  opened,  li'oni  Lake  Erie  to  the 
Hudson,  and  so  tifreat  was  the  impulse  ^iwim  to  trade  hy 
this  extension  of  interna/,  cowiaankntioii  iril/i  the  West, 
that  in  three  years  thcM-eafler,  nearly  nineteen  millions  of 
dollius  were  added  to  the  assessor's  lists.  From  1^25  to 
to  the  completion  of  the  Ohio  Canal  in  18.'i2,  a  steady  and 
g-reat  increase  appears,  and  in  ISoo,  die  total  valuation  of 
real  estate  had  swelled  to  over  1 1 1,000,000,  and  in  1811, 
this  wa>  swelled  to  the  farther  and  enormous  amount  of 
more  than  186,000,000;  thus  clearly  showing-  the  immense 
influence  of  the  Eric  Canal  on  the  pros|)erity  of  Uiat  city, 
and  the  conseijuent  incn^ase  of  the  value  of  prop(M*ty. 

These  are  some  of  the  effects  produced  on  that  city  hy 
the  construction  of  the  Erie  Canal,  bring-ing-  to  her  market 
the  ri(  h  and  constantly  accumulating-  trade  of  the  West. 
If  su(^h  have  been  the  benefits  to  that  city  by  the  Erie  Ca- 
nal, while  in  its  minority,  what  may  she  not  expect  from 
it  now  diat  it  has  reached  its  majority,  (being-  twenty-one 
years  last  fall  sinci;  it  was  finished  and  navig-ated  its  whole 
leug'-th,)  if  it  is  permitted  to  have  a  suitable  capital ;  that  is, 

ENLAIICIKD    IN    SIZE    AND    TOLLS    REDUCED  ! 

This  im})ortant  source  of  her  g-reatness  and  wealth,  was 
conceived,  and  executed  against  her  wishes,  and  met  with 
her  opposition  in  all  its  progress  of  construction;  and  al- 
though faithfully  and  successfully  has  it  served  her  since  it 
was  Ijuilt,  it  has  never  succeeded  in  creating  any  very  warm 
feeling  in  its  behalf.  Her  jjolitical  and  business  men  hav(^ 
matters  of  more  importance,  they  think,  to  attend  to;  her 

H 


f 


66 


THE  TRUE  CANAT,  POIJCY 


f   i,    ! 

,1     '  ■    ' 

i 

i-' 

1  I 


tef 


delegation  in  the  Lorrii^lat'are,  save  once  aiifl  a  while  an 
exception,  never  .speak  of  this  work  or  do  any  thin^'  to 
promote  its  usefulness,  hecause,  as  one  of  (he  ni.ember.s 
from  that  (nty,  a  few  years  ago  said,  in  refusing-  to  serve  Jis 
one  of  the  Citnal  Connnittee,  "  that  liis  constituents  had  no 
interest  in  it.""  Her  papers  are  irenerally  silent,  if  not 
openly  o]")posL'd  to,  and  can  fsnil  no  tiine  to  eiiligiiicn  tlu^ 
public  iuind  on  diis  iin})ortant  sulject.  ur  dij-eet  attention 
to  It. 

The  city  of  New- York  is  a  sti-i  iq-  advocate  of  the  doc- 
trine of  low  tarifTs  and  i'wv.  trade  (I  don't  say  whether 
right  or  wrong,  I  merely  state  tlie  fact)  with  all  liie  WT)rld, 
bar])arian  as  well  as  christian,  buthersyni))ailiies  andcfTorts 
are  only  so,  for  the  fbrein-n  trade.  Low  tai-ilTsof  tolls  and 
cheapened  transjiortntion  on  tlie  Erie  Canal  and  the  inter- 
nal trade  of  the  country  has  never  i)een  worthy  her  atten- 
tion— her  own  suflering  poor  (amidst  all  lier  wealth  sIk^ 
has  enouo-h  of  them)  ]nay  clamor  ibr  employmnit  and 
chea]-)  Ijn^ad,  it  appeals  to  deaf  ears,  she  has  no  time  to 
act,  think  upc/h,  or  talk  al)oiU  die  i'lternal  trade  ;  it  is  a  too 
hum-drnm  affair;  die  enlai'irement  of  the  Erie  Canal,  re- 
duction of  tolls  an.  1  cheap"M('d  transport,  tliat  her  jiooi- 
may  derive  em]<'oyment  ai;d  clieap  l)re;ul,  is  of  no  impoi'- 
t.ance  wh.atcvoi-;  but  it  is  of  the  iiighest.  tliat  their  eyes 
shouki  least  upon  the  sio-ht  ;)('  littl(>  wooden  mice  and 
other  toys  of  I'^urojK^,  introduced  into  flie  country,  ujider  a 
low  tai-iir. 

Ifthe  va.--t  volume  (iftr-id"  f'li-nislied  by  (lie  Erie  Canal 
to  the  eity  of  New- York,  is  too  small  to  deserve  notice, 
J  shouki  like  to  iiKpiire  where  the  gi-eat(M-  is  t(»l)e  foiuid ? 


i 


1 


k 


OK    TllK    STATIi    OF    NEW-YORK.  ()7 

Tlio  (bllo'vviui;"  remarks  and  tables  taken  froiu  the  Albany 
Ai-i^'us,  rel'ei-  lo  that  portion  of  the  Canal  commerce  oidij, 
which  reaclu^s  tide  water: 

"  Tin;  CoMMiuui:  <m-  tii!;  Canat-.-'. — 'Wo  liavc  jircparod  from 
oilicial  Hourc'.;s,  the  followii),^-  tabic  of  tlio  commcrcu  of  tliu  canals 
of  tho  State  fir  tiiu  past  season.— it  presents  a  very  gratifying  re- 
sult of  the  year's  bv.siness,  and  exhibits  in  strong  colors  the  wealtii 
of  our  State  and  ot  the  West. 

"Accouipan\iiii:  the  table  showing  the  movement  from  and  to  the 
Hudson  f  )r  the  past  season,  is  a  siniijar  one  of  the  movement  for  the 
aeason  of  ISl."). 

'■It  will  !)>;  seen  that  there  is  an  increase  m  the  loimage  ot 
17-J,57t>  tons,  and  of 'r^l  l,8-^(5,l<)-3  in  the  value  of  the  property 
transported,  and  the  excess  both  in  t(jnnageand  value  oxer  previous 
years  i«  still  greater. 

"The  value  of  the  entire  movement  ot  property  Irom  and  to  the 
Hudson,  is  greater  by  5!4,4*J(),;]r);i  than  the  (jxpurts  of  the  United 
States  f»r  the  liscal' year  ending  July,  iHil,  and  greater  by 
87,207  Sir)  than  the  value  of  the  good;- im[ioried  into  the  United 
States  for  the  same  time. 

'•These  facts  speak  volumes  in  favor  of  the  importanee  ut  this 
commerci',  in't  oidy  to  this  State,  but  in  a  national  point  of  view,  as 
vvordiy  the  atientimi  of  the  trtjueral  C.overnment. 

STvri;:.ir.NT  (if  nli  tiic  [-(ropiTty  which  c'uue  to  lac  !!ud.so!i  irivcr,  on  all^ 
thi^  Caaais.  ir.  l'-"<15  and  IBifi,  with  the  (juantity  and  estiiiiated  value  of 
each  article  iu  Al'iaiiy  and  Ti^y. 

THE  F01?EST. 

Ul  ANTITV. 

l8l.->.  IHIO. 

Fars  and  iulm-,  :!.. '»'^'40  SlO.l^O 

Hoards  aud  -nu.tUi,-.  tl-.t :2:57  !)-l,<5iio  :ilU.,-:U.-a 

Shiivd.v,  M '^-^^-^^  ^'^>'«-^7 

Tiud:er,  t;.-. ^'^nnOS  1,798,198 

S.,ivn.,  Ilj. i:i=-»-7r. l,^iH)  I0(5,irri,500 

Wuod,'cord.: I'v^'*^  \}:f'\ 

A.hcs,bh!. •••••  t^'^^-'J'^^  ^i^-^l" 

V.VLM'. 

Furs  and  uehrv ^    ^'M-^^  1.021,:^e5 

Uoardsatils^.dii,' 4..).14,72U  -l,  t--2dm 

CM  •   .1  .  ....        -jiu-MMn  -MJ-rnrt 

^^:; :;::;::;::     iwu  irA^m^ 

i^tu 's  .   . (i-.l8.>^98  .'■)l :^,4r5-i 

Wood • 

^^Ij^.^ l,:39;},;3fio  1,070,904 


K  ''^  '^' 

H[  ' 

S  ' 

u 

' ! ' ' 

S 

'i    ;  ' 

i 

h 

i: 


m-t 


68 


THE   TRUE  CANAL  POLICY 


AGRICULTURE, 

ftUANTITT. 

Poik,  bbKs 45,L5.3 

Bed;     "   67,699 

Bacon,  lbs 1,631,700 

Cheese,  " 27,54-2,861 

Butter,     " 21,825,455 

Lard,       " 3,064,800 

Wool,      " 9,504,039 

Hides 293,009 

Flour,  bbls 2,517,250 

Wheat,  bush 1,620,033 

Rye,         "    157,438 

Cora,       "    :  . .  35,803 

Barley,     "    1,137,917 

Other  grain,  bush 1,294,609 

Bran  and  ship  slutls,  bush 1,067,6()5 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 66,175 

Potatoes,  bush 145,r)()9 

Dried  fruit,  lbs 360,9()6 

Cotton,  lbs •         66,800 

Tobacco," 670,900 

Clover  and  grass  seed,  lbs 3,161,200 

Flax  seed,  lbs 8,303,960 

Hops,  lbs 874,200 

VALUE. 

Pork $      571,637 

Beef. 507,743 

Bacon llH,299 

Cheese 1,921,000 

Butter 3,055, 5()4 

Lard 245,184 

Wool 2,946  ,252 

Hides 36,627 

Flour 14,021,()S1 

Wheat 1.941,869 

Rye 111,002 

Corn 21,479 

Barley 671,371 

Other   grain 491,951 

Bran  and  ship  stutis 1()0,150 

I'eas  and  beans 70,145 

Potato.'s 5H,076 

Dried  fruit 32,477 

Cotton 5,177 

Tobacco H0,508 

('lover  and  grass  seed 221,284 

Flax  seed, 1()6,079 

Hops 157,356 


80,092 

45,(jtl0 

4,000,500 

35,569,118 

21,177,657 

<i,72 1,000 

8,866,376 

340,900 

3,003,441 

2,950,636 

321,799 

1,610,149 

1,427,^33 

1,920,800 

1,468,232 

9(1,800 

23tVJ39 

1,502,900 

445,100 

2,609,100 

1,094,400 

5,28;i,700 

1,690,500 

800,925 

364,800 

290,037 

2,844.537 

3,220.6:}3 

498,^10 

2,571.415 

42.613 

15,470,171 

3,366,141 

232,304 

1,126,854 

Ml  0,933 

710,474 

220,lSl 

90,800 

114.686 

135,261 

34,495 

313,092 

7(i,608 

131,943 

185,955 


OP  THE   STATE    OF    NEW-YORK. 


69 


MANUFACTURES. 

UUA\TITV. 

Domestic  spirits,  galls 1,588,601 

[.Gather,       lbs ir),S6;VJ25 

Furniture,      "     2,561,6-24 

Bar  and  pig  lead,  lbs 223,506 

Pig  iron,  lbs 8,031,218 

Bloom  and  bar  iron  lbs 

Iron   ware,    lbs 4,665,388 

Domestic  woolens,  lbs 1,407,529 

«         cottons,    "     1,879,446 

Salt,  bl.ls, 172,9(58 

Merchandise,  lbs 505,708 

VALUE. 

Domestic  spirits, $      444.800 

Leather 2,765.507 

l'\irniture,    256,162 

IJar  and  |)ig  lead, 8.9  U) 

rigiron,..^... 140,516 

Bloom  and  bar  iron, 

lion  ware, 186,615 

Domestic  woolens, 1,906,629 

cottons 582,628 

Salt, 147,023 

Merchandise, 88,497 

(3T11ER  ARTICLES. 

UUANTITV. 

Stone,  lime  and  clav,  lbs 55,344,593 

Gvpsum,    lbs '. 12,263,800 

Mineral  coal,  lbs 47,798,300 

Sundries,  lbs 83,237,259 

VALl'K. 

Stone,  lime  and  clay, ^      83,01() 

C>  ()suin, 27,65(> 

Mineral,  coal, ". 119.496 

Sundries,   3,329,490 

ACUiRECATES. 
J8ir>. 

Forest,         tons <;07,930 

Agricailture,    "    * 447,627 

Manulacfures," 49,812 

Merchandise,  " --253 

Other  articles  " 99,321 

Tota  1,  tons 1,204,94"3 


1,426,549 

.5,160,654 

2,226,114 

489,800 

10,574,640 

10,892,243 

\219,09l 

1,425,340 

2,324,774 

692,442 

3,594,322 

313,800 

92s,yirt 

223,()11 

19,592 

182,574 

.2t)5.222 

48,830 

1,923,390 

719,787 

180,035 

276.872 


41,200,033 
12,084,100 
18,8^0,600 
90,811,614 

63,170 

26,933 

47.116 

3,633,257 


!#     7,759,596 

27, ()  12,291 

6,432,259 

88,497 

2,559,658 

~!|^45,45^2,32r 


T 


J! 


i 


ri 


70  THE    TllUE    CANAL    POLICY. 

184G. 

Forcsl,          tons (iO:5,01()  !$  !^3,r)88,':!!)l 

Agriciikiire,     " 628,4.")!  ;};5,()()2,sl8 

Miiiiul'iicturos,'- 4(5,070  4,S()."3,7UO 

Mercliaiulise,  '• 1,7!)7  27(5,872 

Other  articles,  '' 82,i)82  3,770,47(3 

Tolal,  tons 1^302,310  -Iji.')  1,105,256 

StaltMnrnt   of  the   tonnage  and   value  of  all  tho  propcrfy  which  wont  from 
(he  Hudson  liivcr.  <<ti  aii  the  canals  in       1815         and  ls4(5 

Tonnag\\  tons 224,01 3  289,210 

Value 855,45.3,008  $04,(527,524 

V<rgre,'j;a(e  .iiovement  irouiaiidlo  .he  fiailson  Iviver  d(iiin;.>'  liio  ycai's  1845 
and  181(5,  and  the  :ij;'gregate  value  ol'  the  jMoperly  tniaspoi'teil. 

IHir?,  IHKi. 

Tonna^^e,  tmi- 1,428,050  1.001,5:^5 

Value, '. !i?ht0,000,310  8115,732,780 

Fi'om  these  ta])l(;^s  it  aj)])e;u'.-<,  tiuit  the  iiui-chandiso 
sjhipped  froui  tide  water  oa  tlu'  Caiiai  is,  for  18  15,  2;i4,- 
Olo  tons,  and  for  18  16,  2-)0,2\ij  tons,  sliowinu;-  an  increase 
in  '10  of  15,2();5  tons.  Of  the  2o'.),2LG  tons  cleared,  58,074 
was  landed  at  EufTalo,  paying  ti;ll  the  whole  length  of  the 
canal  and  at  Oswego  21,1'.)3,  together  79,207  tons,  or  one- 
third  of  the  whole. — Of  the  l."'',20-)  tons  increase,  0,770 
passed  Buffalo  to  the  Western  States,  how  nuich  increase 
has  passed  Oswego,  I  cannot  t^ll,  as  I  have  not  the  Canal 
Office  re})orts  of  that  place  iji  sufficient  deUnl,  l)ut  of  the 
whole  receipts  there  in  *  16,  of  iljUKJ  tons,  they  exported 
to  the  Western  States  7,817  tons,  to  Canada,  5,093  tons, 
and  the  halance  was  ior  thijt  placi^  and  other  American 
towns  around  Lake  Ontario.  I  give  these  details  to  show 
wh(:Te  the  incn  rising  ascending  trade  on  uur  Canals  is 
going  to.  Of  the  increase  of  172,07'^  tons  of  descending 
tonna'.re,  the  sources  from  vv'liicii  it  coiiu's  is  too  ol)vioiis  to 
need  any  remarks. 


OP    THE    STATE   OP    NEW-YORK.  71 

The  Wall  Street  rejiorter  of  January,  '17,  has  j3iiblishcd 
a  condensed  statement  of  the  Ibreign  trade  of  the  country, 
as  follows : 

"  The  following  is  an  aggregate  statement  of  tlic  value  of  the  ex- 
ports, of  the  growth,  ]iro(liico,  and  manufacture  of  the  T'nited  States, 
for  the  year  enchng  ^50th  June.  1810.  Thm'e  is  a  slight  increase  in 
the  aggregate  amount,  as  compared  w'th  last  year,  l)ut  the  amounts 
of  the  diilerent  articles  exported,  in  many  instances  ditler  very  wide- 
ly in  the  two  years.  Of  the  total  amount,  $78,684,410  was  export- 
ed in  American  vessels,  and  •'$:3o.507,483  in  foreign  vessels: 

The  Sk.v  ...,, •  •  •  • 8",ir)0,;{|)v^ 

The  Fcuk.st — .Skin.^-  and  t'ur.^  iinil  giiisony I,;j00,r)71 

Product  of  wood, o, 500, 077 

AGKicuLxruK — riMiluct  of  auunul,:; 7,*^;5:^,w04 

VoLn^ablo  lood, l!t,;V,i!),r,8(5 

Tobiux-o 8,578.">Tl) 

Cotton, 42,767,341 

All  <;tli"r  aij,iiciulura!  [iriHlticls •214,4.").") 

MANurAcrrKES— '^ 4,92 1 ,99;") 

( )t'  cotton ;3,r)ir),4^l 

Oihor    fil.rics, MOl  .S78 

T.rAn 614,.")18 

\V  ovu , 2'):^,U9r) 

AuTicLKs    .NOT    Eni  mk.kat;:!) — .vIiiiui'iK'turod 1,:379  50(1 

Udicr 1,49(K:}0:5 

-Sio-iTuTsos 

A  comjiarison  of  the  taljies  of  the  Arofus  and  Reporter, 
shows  that  while  the  Ibreign  expoil  tradi^  of  the  country 
is  increasing-  very  gradually,  the  internal  trade  through 
the  Erie  Canal  is  augmenting  rai)i(lly,  and  is  now  in  value 
many  millions  of  dollars  greater  than  the  entire  foreign 
export  tiade. 

The  Erie  Canal  landed  at  tide  water,  as  given  in  the 
tables  of  the  Argus,  ;MH)o,14l  barrels  of  flour ;  of  this 
number  the  Boston  Hail  Uoral  earided  away  bl)(),Srj9  b.ar- 
rels ;  and  after  su])plyiiig  the  local  markets  of  Albany 
and  Troy,  and  shipping  by  v.a.ter  of  many  thousands  of  bar- 
nds  to  Eastern  nmrkcts.  1  lind  the  nuaiititv  that  went  di- 
rectto  lh(>  city  oi'  New-VM)rk,  from  a   statement,  published 


'7 2  tHE   TRUE   CANAL   POLICY 

in  the  Herald  of  that  city.  It  may  not  be  improper  to  ob- 
serve, that  the  Herald  uses  the  term  "  Hudson  River"  in- 
stead of  Erie  Canal,  in  stating-  tlie  sources  from  whence 
this  larg-e  quantity  reached  there.     That  paper  says  : 

"Below  will  be  found  a  statement  of  the  receipts  of  flour  and 
wheat  at  this  port,  and  the  exports  to  foreign  ports,  from  January 
I  to  December  31,  inclusive,  for  the  years  1845  and  1846.  The 
increase  in  the  import  of  flour  this  year,  it  will  be  seen,  is  58.5,237 
barrels,  and  of  wheat  1,060,428  bushels.  The  increase  in  the  ex- 
ports is  723,908  barrels  flour,  and  1,172,702  bushels  wheat:" 

Movements  in  Breadstuffs — Port  of  New-York. 

Receipts  of  Flour  at  New-  York,  from  January  1  to  December  SI,  inclusive: 

VIA-  1846.  1845. 

Hudson  River,  bbls 2,280,638  1,700,198 

New  Orleans, 70,043  87,704 

Southern    ports, 197,715  175,2.'37 

Total  for  the  year,    2,548,390"  1^03,159 

Increase  in  1846,  bbls 585,237 

Receipts  of  Wheat  at  Neiv-York,  from  January  1  to  December  SI, 
inclusive. 

VIA-  1846.  1845. 

Hudson  River,  bush 1,172,646  289,089 

New  Orleans, 401,365  83,937 

Southern  ports 94,242  234,799 

Total  for  the  vear r,7}68,253  ^0077825 

Inci  ease  in  1846,  bushels 1,060,428 

Exports  of  Flour  and  Wheat  from  Jan.  \,st  to  Dec.  ?>\st. 

1845.  184({.  Inrrease. 

Flour,  bbls 469,520     1,193,428       723,908 

Wheat,  bu 304,654     1,477,356    1,172,702 

The  aggregate  receipts  of  flour,  after  reducing  the  wheat  to  flour, 

at  the  rate  of  five  bushels  per  barrel,  was — 

1845.  1846.  Increase, 

Barrels ' 2,084,724     2,882,047     723,908 

The  aggregate  exports,  reducing  the  whole  to  tiour,  was,  in 

1845.  1846.  T.icrease. 

Barrels 520,451     1,488,899     797,323 

"The  increase  in  the  exports  of  1846,  compared  with  1845, 
amounts  to  nearly  two  hundred  per  cent.  A  more  flattering  and 
encouraging  exhibit  than  this,  could  not  well  be  expected  or  re- 
quired." 


i 


k^ 


OF    THE    STATE    OF    NEW-YORK.  73 

It  docs  not  state  the  quantity  of  corn  received,  but  from 
another  ()aper  I  have  seen  a  statement,  and  find  it  about 
equal  to  wheat,  and  derived  from  the  same  sources  and  in 
the  same  projxjrtioii  fi-om  each.  This  table  gives  a  strong- 
view  from  whence  tlie  freig-ht  is  derived,  which  loads  the 
many  shij)s  now  leaving-  New- York  for  Europe.  The 
article  of  corn,  (by  tlie  destruction  of  the  potato  crop,)  has 
become  an  estaljlished  article  of  commerce  to  the  old 
world,  and  the  demand  for  it  will  be  annually  increasing-, 
the  better  it  becomes  known.  It  is  a  chea])  article  in  the 
Western  States,  and  raised  in  immense  quantities,  and  if 
our  Canal  was  enlarged,  tolls  reduced,  and  by  these  means 
transportation  cheapened,  any  desirable  quantity  could 
reach  the  sea-]joard.— The  reduction  in  the  tolls  last  year* 
of  about  three  cents  a  bushel,  caused  1,610,149  bushels  to 
reach  tide  water  in  184G,  against  35,803  bushels  in  1845. 
This  article  alone  has  given  10,000  bushels  freight  each  to 
one  hundred  and  sixty  ships  from  New- York.  Has  this 
small  reduction  of  tolls  on  this  single  article  been  of  no  use 
to  New-York  foreign  commerce  ?  And  has  it  not  greatly 
increased  the  business  of  the  State,  as  well  as  added  large- 
ly to  the  revenues  ?  The  Commissioners  of  the  Canal 
Fund,  in  a  recent  report,  state  the  gain  in  revenue  to  be 
$80,000,  and  to  the  forwarders  8100,000  in  freight. 

Other  tables  published  in  die  New^-York  papers,  show 
that  the  exports  of  agricultural  products  shipped  from  that 
city  the  first  twenty-two  days  in  December,  were  as  fol- 
io w^s  : — 

Flour,  bbls 149,600 

Wheat,  t)ush 179,.^00 

Corn      '■■                  154,000 

Rvo,'     "    .*.*.*..'..'..* 60,000 

Barley,  " l^'^^O 

Oats,      "   10'30a 

I 


w   "i-'n~. 


74  THE  TRUE  CANAL  POLICY 

r»'omthe  first  of  January  to  31st  December,  ]MC),  the 
total  shipments  of  the  same  articles  were — 

Wheat  (lour,  bbis 1,19:^428 

Kye  Hour,         "   UMr, 

Corn  meal,       "   108,818 

"         "        Iihds 4,840 

Wheat,  l)ush l,477,:}r)«5 

Corn        "   l,4H9,4r)9 

Rye,  barley  and  oats  not  reported  in  the  table. 

The  above  flour  and  meal,  reduced  to  g-rain,  and  addinf** 
the  rye,  oats  and  barley,  form  an  ag-g-regate  little  short  of 
ten  millions  of  bushels. 

The  most  extraordinary  activity  is  now  going-  on  in  the 
shipment  of  bread  stuffs  from  New- York.  The  last  ])a- 
pers  from  that  city,  state  that  sixty-seven  of  thfir  largest 
ships  w^ere  liusily  loading"  with  piovisions  of  all  kinds,  for 
Europe.  The  demand  for  shi})ping-  is  so  g-reat  that, 
although  freights  have  risen  near  300  per  cent,  over  the 
usual  and  common  rates,  ships  cannot  be  found  to  meet  the 
pressing-  demand.  This  deficiency  in  vessels,  however, 
is  being-  supplied  in  the  consti-uction,  in  all  the  Northern 
sea-ports,  of  an  muisual  number,  and  of  greater  ca})acity 
of  burthen.  Life  and  activity  is  seen  in  all  their  shij)-yards, 
among  ship-carpenters,  calkers,  riggers  and  the  numerous 
other  branches  of  mechanics  and  labor,  the  building  of 
ships  calls  into  requisition. 

Foreign  commerce  can  only  be  sustained  l)y  jiromoting 
and  increasing  the  internal  trade  of  the  country.  If  we 
have  nothing  to  sell,  we  can  buy  nothing.  We  cannot  deal 
with  money  alone, — we  have  not  enough  of  it.  A  foreign 
trade  carried  on  only  by  money,  requires  jjut  few  ships  and 
men  to  do  the  whole  business  of  the  country.  Whereas 
our  own  internal  products,  being  generally  of  a  heavy  and 
bulky  cliaracter,  call  into  requisitini\  a  great  many  ships  to 


r 


"I-'B^ji 


OK    THE    STATK   OK    NEW-YORK. 


75 


r 


carry  it  off,  and  employ  a  vast  amount  of  labor  in  a  thou- 
sand ways,  to  move  it. 

How  trade  tlirouo-h  the  Erie  Canal  can  be  increased,  is  an 
important  (piestion.     Two  years  ago  the  Canal  Board  be- 
came^ satisfied  that  an  entire  revision  in  our  canal  tarif  of 
tolls  was  necessary.    That  the  Erie  Canal  had  ceased  to  be 
the  only  channel  to  and  from  the  Western  States,  to  the  sea- 
bo<nrd.     That   great  reductions  in  tlie  tolls  must  be  made 
if  we  desired  to  retain  the  command  of  the  great  internal 
trade   of  the  country.     That   unless  this  reduction  was 
made,  the  ascending  trade  on  our  canals  would  greatly  di- 
ininisii,  and  although  the  products  of  the  West  might  con- 
tinue to  use  our  canals  as  a  channel  to  market,  the  large 
manufactures  in  our  own  State,  of  iron,  steel,  nails,  spikes 
and  other  heavy  but  cheap  articles,  requiring  cheap  trans- 
portation to  afford  any  profit  to  the  buyer,  as  wc^il  as  sugar, 
molasses,  coffee,  dye-woods,  hardware  and  crockery,  would 
cease    bein-   purchased    from    us,  for   the   supply  of  the 
Western  States.     The    iron  city  of  Pittsburgh,  with  her 
mountains  of  iron  and  beds  of  coal  having  a  short  canal 
connecting  with  the  lake,  upon  which  the  toll  and  transpor- 
tation was  very  low,.would  sui)i3ly  what  our  manufactories 
had  heretofore  done— the  Mississippi  lead  to  the  planta- 
tions where  su-ar  and  molasses  were  made;— New  Orleans 
lay  within  a  few  days  sail  of  the  West  Indies,  where  there 
were  more  sugar  and  molasses,  and  where  coffee  and  dye- 
woods   were  grown  ;  and  the   ships  sailing  direct  from 
Encvland  to  New-Orleans  for  cotton,  would  carry  crockery 
and"  hardware  on  low   freight,  all  of  which,  would  find 
their  way  up  the  Mississippi  river  and  through  the  different 
channels  ojjened  into  the  Western  States,  and  supply  that 
great  demand  which  had  heretofore  been  our  own  ;  not 


76 


THE    TRUE   CANAL   I'OLICY 


fei'; 


onjy  so,  but  supj)ly  Western  New- York  with  the  sumo 
artichis  ;  thus  making  tiie  cities  of  Albany,  Troy  and  New- 
York,  merely  factors  to  sell  western  produce,  and  remit  the 
money  to  other  ])laces,  to  purchase  return  su|)])lies.  The 
g^reat  increase  of  steamboats  on  the  Mississippi,  retjuired 
to  take  the  down  freight,  would  cause  such  compi  lition 
for  up  freig-ht,  that  it  would  be  delivered  at  St.  Louis  and 
Cincinnati  from  New  Orleans,  for  what  was  charg-edon  the 
Erie  Canal  for  tolls  alone,  from  Albany  to  JBuffalo. 

These  are  some  of  the  reasons  which  demanded  a 
chang-e  in  our  canal  policy  then,  and  they  liave  not  ceased 
to  operate  yet.  The  pork,  lard  and  corn  of  the  West,  are 
at  those  j)oints  of  locality,  that  Init  a  small  diiTerence  in  the 
cost  of  transportation  determines  whether  New- York  ov 
New-Orleans  shall  liave  them;  time  and  (ihmitc  incline  to 
New- York,  cost  determines.  A  constitutional  difRcid^' 
existed  ag-ainst  reducing*  the  tolls  until  after  the  first  of  Ju- 
ly, 1845,  and  the  old  rates  were  permitted  to  remain  until 
the  close  of  that  year. 

During"  the  year  1.846,  a  new  tariff  of  tolls  was  in  ope- 
ration, er[ual,  as  the  Commissioners  say,  to  an  averag-e  of 
14  ))er  cent.  ])elow  that  of  1845.  So  strong'-  did  the  neces- 
sity aj)])ear,  for  a  g-reat  reduction  on  those  articles  of  up 
freig-ht  which  would  reach  the  Lakes  from  Pittsbiu'gh  and 
the  Mississippi,  that  the  reduction  made  \fiX8  fbui-iiinths, 
or  about  forty-five  per  cent.  That  this  larg-e  reduction 
was  necessary,  is  proven  by  the  property  tliat  tHd  reach 
the  Lakes  from  the  before  mentioned  sources,  in  1846. — 
At  Toledo  the  Miami  Extension  Canal  from  Chicinnati,  de- 
livered— 

Sugar,      lbs     1,290,085 

Moiiibses,  "     022,;334 

CufTiie,  groceries,  and  (jtlior  iiuMcliandi^c,  Ihs.  04 2,560 


f 

OF    THE    STATE    OP   NEW-YOIIK.  77 

At  Clcvolaiid,  the  delivery  of  Pittsburgh  iron  aiul  nails, 
was  11,527,908  ])ouii(l.s;  and  at  Erie,  throiigli  tlie  Erie 
Extension  Canal,  a  liufher  su})ply  from  Pittshiu'!,''  and  the 
Mississij)pi,  of  l,2'il,()()0  pounds  of  iron  and  nails,  and  ;>o5,- 
7or)  pounds  of  sug-ar  and  molasses,  all  of  which  went  to 
supply  mark(jts  which  we  had  heretofore  considered  c.C' 
cluslcdy  our  own. 

The  Canal  Board,  lor  the  purpose  of  arriving-  at  the 
quantity  of  certain  projjerty  passing-  up  the  canal,  lias 
directed  the  Canal  Collectors  to  make  out  specific  state- 
ments. This  liaving-  only  been  done  this  yeai\  no  com- 
parison can  be  made  with  former  years.  The  returns 
from  the  Collector's  Olfice  in  this  city,  show  that  tlie  4-")  per 
cent,  reduction  caused  to  be  transported  the  whole  distance 
of  the  Erie  Canal  for  markets  west  of  Biifihlo,  of— 
On  tolls  reduced  fiwn  D  to  5  inilli  per  1000  Ih.  per  mile. 
Sii^rar,    Iks s,77."),(ir)-i 

Mok.s.s"s,'    r),0!>r),tlo 

Coftee,     "     0,734,110 

NaiU  and  Spikos,  lbs 2,971,401. 

Iron  au.l  steol,        '^     4,170,0^:5 

Crockery,   ll)s 3,94:}, 660 

Oysters,        "     _      79,fi<i-2 

(ir'cijeral  nidz" — from  0  to  S  inills,  ibs 57,192,41 1 

Against  an  a<;;rr('fjate  in   1845  of  all  «s.!)71,459 

at  9  mills  per  lOOO  lb?,  \)ev  mik' ^P'l^'^^M^''!^ 

Showins  a  "a in  of    Ib.-^ 13,545,090 

What  the  increase,  if  any,  has  been  in  the  cjuantity  of 
heavy  articles  transported,  cannot  be  determined.  But 
this  g-reat  rtnliiction  in  the  tolls,  did,  beyond  all  doul)t,  secure 
to  our  manufacturers,  g-rocers  and  others,  a  larg-er  sale  of 
these  articles,  than  wo<dd  have  been  the  case,  had  no  re- 
duction been  made.  And  the  only  mode  to  hicrease,  if 
not  to  preserve  this  business  is,  to  g-ive  facilities  for  west- 
ern |)roducts  to  reach  our  markets  at  as  low  rates  of  trans- 
port, as    it  can  be   done.     This  can  be  done  only  by  the 


# 


7S 


THE   TllUE   CANAL   POLICY. 


action  of  the  State.  Where  individual  action  can  operate, 
a.son  the  Lakes  and  Oijejin,  new  vessels  of  all  kinds  are 
innltiplying"  in  numbers  and  qfreatly  increased  capacity  of 
burthen  ;  on  tb(;  Lakes  to  that  deg-ree,  as  to  make  many 
intellig-ent  men  apprehend  an  overdoin"*  of  the  thing*.  But 
while  the  Canal  remains  as  it  is,  obstructed  at  different 
|)oints  with  the  old  sized  locks  and  want  of  water,  no  addi- 
tional new  craft  will  be  put  upon  it  suffieient  to  lower  the 
price  of  transport.  A  larg-e  outlay  of  capital  in  this  way 
would  be  nearly  throwinij-  it  away,  because  when  the  Ca- 
nal is  enliU'guMl,  the  small  sized  boats  could  not  l)e  run  in 
competition  with  the  new  ones  that  would  make  their 
appearance. 

It  cannot  be  expected,  (and  the  complaints  ai^fainst  for- 
warders are  unjust,)  that  individuals  will  do  business  at  less 
rates  than  diey  can  g-et  by  askini,'',  particularly  when  there 
is  more  business  for  them,  than  they  can  do.  Ojkmi  the 
avenue  to  a  sufficient  size  for  the  l)usiness,  and  individual 
enterprise  and  competition  will  ([uickly  till  it  with  boats  of 
such  caj)acity  as  will  reduce  the  price  or  cost  of  trans})ort. 

[  am  aware  that  the  new  Constitution  has  ))laced  strong- 
restrictions  upon  the  finances  of  the  State.  But  it  has  not 
prohibited  all  expenditures  u])on  the  canals.  After  provi- 
ding- f<jr  the  payment  of  the  interest  and  principal  of  the< 
State  debts,  the  expenses  of  the  State  g-overnment,  and 
almost  every  thing-  else,  from  the  canal  revenues,  it  then 
a]lov»^^  whatever  of  surplus  there  may  be,  to  be  expended 
in  the  enlarg-ement  of  the  Erie  Canal,  and  the  finishing-  of 
the  Genesee  and  Blfick  River  Canals.  The  surplus  of  1 840 
now  on  hand,  and  that  which  will  accumulate  in  '47,  '48 
and '49,  will  amount  to  $2,0(K),()0().  If  this  money  is  not 
wasted  by  dividing-  it  amongst  all  these  works,  Imt  faith- 
fully devoted   to,  and  ex])ended  u])on  die  enlarg-ement  of 


^ 


OP    THE    STATE    OP    NEW-YORK. 


79 


the  Er'iP  Canal,  this  t»Toat  tliorou^-hfarf  ran  he  made  so,  that 
in  1S5(I  it  can  secure  to  us  (brever  the  great  Western  trade 
and  do  more  than  douhle  die  husincss  it  can  now  do,  and 
furnisli  the  means  to  hasten  the  con>pletion  of  tli(;  othtM* 
works  s(»oner  than  they  can  he  ohtained  Iroin  any  other 
source. 

In  a  conversation  I  have  had  recentlv  with  a  irentleman 
who  has  held  several  interviews  with  the  Canal  Connnis- 
sioners  on  this  sul)ject — he  inlornis  me  that  tliey  estimate 
the  work  of  doublino-  the  locks  between  Albany  and  Syni- 
euse,  and  placini,''  new  single  enlarg-ed  locks  where  the 
small  sized  old  ones  remain,  ])etween  Syracuse  and  Butla- 
lo,  and  giving  the  Canal  five  feet  of  water  throug-hont,  can 
])e  done  (or  $l.r)(K),0()0,  and  within  th(^  three  ensuinir  veai'S. 
The  surplus  accruing  during  the  same  time,  exceeds  the 
estimated  amount  recpiired  to  do  the  work.  This  would 
enable  l)oats  to  pass  tlie  whole  length  of  the  Canal  carry- 
ing l,r)()()  bai-rels  of  flour,  being  on  an  average,  more  than 
double  tllt^  niunber  \\\vy  now  carry.  Boats  can  navigate 
the  Canal  from  Buffalo  to  Rochester,  carrying  4,200  bush- 
els of  wheat,  l)ut  beyond  that  place,  there  are  remaining 
many  of  the  old  sized  locks;  and  two  boals  and  two  setts  of 
hands  and  horses  are  requir' d,  to  take  this  quantity  to 
Albany. 

This  trifling  expenditure  would  more  than  doul)le  the 
ca|)acity  of  the  Canal,  and  render  useful  the  vast  sums 
already  (?xj)ended  for  that  ])ur))ose;  and  as  new  larg(^  boats 
would  immediately  replace  the  present  small  sized  ones, 
double  the  amount  of  business  could  be  done,  without  in- 
creasing-Uie  number  of  l)o<its  and  lockag-es; — the  doubling 
of  the  locks  from  Syracuse  to  Albany,  where  boats  from  all 
the  lateral  canals  accunuilale  in  the  main  trunk,  would  facili- 
tate their  passing,  and  jiermit  an  increase  of  their  numl)er. 


80 


THE    TRUE    CANAL    POLICY. 


The  condition  of  the  State  of  New- York  is  an  enviable 
one;  the  payment  of  her  debts  lias  been  secured  beyond 
all  conting'cncy,  and  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  public 
creditors.  The  Erie  Canal  only  asks  that,  after  having- 
provided  from  its  revenues  for  all  the  public  debts,  the 
surplus  of  its  earning-s  may  be  faithlully  devoted  to  its  en- 
larg-emont.  for  which  it  will  g-ive  more  than  an  adequate 
return.  The  expenditures  and  embarrassments  of  other 
States  are  frequently  brought  into  review  by  many,  as  an 
awful  warning'  to  t!ie  People  of  this  State  against  incur- 
rnig-  debt,  but  the  comparison  will  not  hold  good--thcy 
expend  iarg-e  sums  lurpmg  to  g-et  business;  we  only  ex- 
pend our  >(irplus  lo  do  the  business  which  presses  upon 
us  faster  dian  our  public  works  can  do  it. 

From  tliC  ibcts  and  figures  T  have  presented,  I  think  I 
have  clearly  shown  the  necessity  of  something  being  im- 
mediately d  jne  to  the  Erie  Canal,  to  enable  it  to  secure 
and  do  the  rapidly  accumulating  business  seeking  it  as  a 
channel  to  and  from  the  seaboard ;  as  well  as  jiointing  out 
how  the  means  can  be  -"btained  for  tlie  pur])ose. 

The  only  question  reuiaining  is.  shall  it  be  don<i?  If  so, 
much,  very  n\uch,  depends  upon  the  action  of  the  city  of 
New- York.  She  has  on  the  floor  of  the  Legislature  one- 
eighth  of  the  representation,  and  ccntains  about  one-eighth 
of  the  entire  p(j])u!ation  of  the  Staie:  if  she  enters,  through 
her  representatives,  w^irmly  and  uniiedly  upon  the  busi- 
ness, she  will  be  |)romplly  backed  up  by  Western  New- 
York,  so  {\s  to  settle  tlu^  matter  at  once.  To  her  pride 
niid  to  her  interest,  T  niak*;  the  nppeal. 


I    i 


I 


^K  '•"tmJV['>t)i 


TABLES— Sho^v^ing  the  amount  and  description  of 


r»<:  i-'oni'iNT. 


TABLE  NO   I. 

IHIWN     I  lir.lMIl'. 

(Uliil, IlllsillC^S   i>{' 

'■  '* 

Micliigaii, "  .  •  •  • 

Illinois-,   "  . . .  . 

ki  it 

**  **    .    . 

Wiskunsuii, "  .•  ■  ■ 

it  ....'•.... 

It  ....".... 
Indiana, '•  . . . . 

14  it 

reiin-svlvaniii  ....  "  . . . . 


Virginia "  . . . 

Konliu  kv, "  . .  . 


Missouri,. 


'IVniiesscp,. . .  . 
Canada 


rt-r»i  i  .. 

k»  ti 

\e«:-V..rk, "  ... 

..  it 

Ac^it'galr  ....  Wtisincss  t 


|s41  ) 

HI.-)' 
1810  S 
H4li 
isi:,' 
1-10  S 
1S4  1  1 

HI.'')' 

1840  S 
HM  J 
181.-'  [ 
H40  S 
1S44  J 
HI-)' 
1810  S 
H41  J 
181.-)' 
H  10  S 
H40 
H4n 
HI,')'. 
1-loS 
H41  ) 
1S4.-);. 
H40\ 
H46 


rnr  *  Prllry 
"    VuuiiiN'      ! 

7>8,:i^!0 

l'o7.:<(>4 

84,:!'J7 
l'.!-J..-)OI> 
1  ll,07.') 
14.-),0-2.-) 

•.!4,r).')0 

08,;-j-J0 

4,-J04 

7,S'i8 

41,480 

i)4,77-2 

180,983 

17-,',00-.! 

1.8,'J3 

1,831 

13.817 


liimnhfe  .Sinmi'K.^giimgtw.  1     TImbgr,     ,  »I4»..«. 


rtKL I M. 

17)57^0'  .". 

1. 970,334  C 

•2,808,900  . . 

77,130  .. 

300,773  .. 

•2,-)0,-JOO  2 


O.OOOj 


000 

344,7741 
1,'214,.-).'J4! 
1,081,934 


8,31-Jj.V2,38H,447 
7,310  60,004,8.-)4 
4,-204;5.'J,0.')r),500 

8,082,548 
10,-27 1,577; 

7,y!>0,43-2 


1,478 


4,157 
34,309 


1751 

3-23  1 

CO  I 


H4I  J 

H4-)  ' 

1-40  S 

1844 

H4.-. 

Ht'i 

H41 

Hi.-. 

HIO 

HIO 

HI5 

H44 

Hi:! 


1,810 


•2,980,168'     .. 
4,00-2,r)4l!     36 
4,6'25,^257      . . 


298 


lOO.OOOj 

'244,OOo! 

•  • 
100,0.-)2i 
7,038,000. 
2,i)13,000! 


nr2.ooo! 

348,000 


BarrrU. 

10,sOO 

19.714 

13,500 

11,8-27 

U,l.-)8 

0,951 

79 

101 

43 

254 

282 

160 

1,2!>2 

■1,891 

1,105 

1,708 

1,150 

577 


jurifU. 

38*.'-r58 

21,141 

47,491 

1,0-20 

3-25 

3,055 

1,002 

3,507 

018 

80l 

I 

V33j 

3.(»9'>' 

-.454: 

66 

1' 

1331 


iif«(.    I 

llAtruU.    I 

25,802 

1.5,219 

017 

014 

722 

7,372 

5,181 

'  8,730 

510 

1   1.304 

!  2,048 

1      751 

70 

873 

34 

382 

307 


llwon. 

I'timiilf. 


779,259 
1,518,810 

0,701 
709 

98.051 
73,258 


rmiUDL'l'  1)1'  A N I  \l A| 

CIltMD. 


I.ant. 

HiitiriJn. 


I'l.illl'tlN. 


1,40  4.031  3,608,08-i 
1,370,917  1,719,040 

2,940,548r2,884,744[ 
;!4,044|    210,2831 
3,0771 
4,712 


37.'-. 


11,2701 

31  I. no.-. 
.52'*,272 

120,091 
197,121 
37,«*i.:-.     4.57,130 


••     \ 


5*, 


0,033 
85,880 
40,812 
H,.-)55 

2,983 


389 

112 

1,493,774 

3,975 

I0.5,0«(i 

123,953 

437,434 

343.914 


1,837,171 

1,381,878 

42,360 
7  9, -284 

82,34(ii 
-19,.599' 

20o! 


876.52s 
1,388,.5^2:) 

52 
19,283 


1,729,047 

2,250,438 

2,775,243 

2.50,407 

3.52,081 

,521,130 

71.430 

102,199 

225,020 

12,-221 

37,324 

38,912 

12,811 

35,005 

48,032 

1.5,767 

79,203 

137,250 


I   I'liiiii.i.. 

'  21,380' 

171,895 

92,322 

19,348 

40,023 

10,040 

•220,545 

3H6,840 

343,474 

13,0^27 

33,578 

17.5,723 

9.022. 

15,. 534 

25,517 


20,542 


Hour. 
IhrruU. 


440,244 

404,020 

489,200 

373,461 

205,858 

054.3-t9 

7,124 

0,487 

•22,992 

4,530 

2,804 

15,915 

21,101 

37,735 

93,007 

108 

553 

3,334 

1,991 : 


Wl...«t.       ; 
_Jln.li>;!.. I 

0957710 
262,'iOI 
I,(i0(i,(ll7i 
221,903 
2.55,1 -27 
4H5.(I()2 
472,50-.' 
47!V272 
771,191 
1.57,008 
H(!,.5.-)2 
311,011 
235,191 
1(18,2-25 
437,010 

3,520 


ildCI 

1 

TI 

i;i 

VI 

Hj... 

c 

r.i 

11,1.1,1'U. 

ll<l. 

i"t. 

1,^2H9  100.21 
7(i7  33,01 
019'    511,01 


.500 


15,3 


1,210  .5,'2( 

130 
4 10     .5.-).5.2.' 


1,740 


16,0-21|  80,037 


I 


38,745'       . . 


34«.399  4.8.507.50 
516.043  8.  U1H,MH2 
5.-)9.50J  0.432,357 
1.5,04-;  10,042.093 
2^',I5I  ll,!-^25,2i: 
]  11.7H11  9..59.5.17:t 
.57l.3.r2  79.7^27.530 
545.007  lO.OM.OOO 
301.440  15.502,1.50 
483.790    f?,001.361 


8.!1I2'00,949.047 

9,086X8.296,431 

4.-20115,9.-18.032 

200'       .-)««,  1  -O 

2,3511      -77.679 

6,510    7,177.000 

l0,7  1  I;'7"37r357932 

11,44080,174,110 

•<. 51201. 515.230 

1.5«4  34.747. -i«(l 


. .  -.12,040 
. .   34  602 

. ,  22,465 
40!)  5,325 
980^  3X15 
7-29!  2.1/ ( 
•729'-24,030 
9-«ir:w,4l7 
40«  37,305 
917  38.-201 


/  ,"02 

28,060 

60,784 

555 

109 

70-^ 

(il.492 

28  235 

.52  417 

48,550 


32,900 

33,»i02 

27.905 

448 

422 

.59-^ 

28,.50;i 

3M'*'l 

33.;t4'< 
26,060 


1..506,344  5..537.104    ..    2.0-iO, 

l,lff«,|<l«l,.57-2,015  2, 180. 0-20 2,838,900 1,9.57, 

!2, 109,«»-.»  3,402.390  .!, 422.705  5,888,567  :i,702, 

744,l-(3  741.437    ..     .5.-|3 

-20.015  1187,913  1.211,604   13,475  4-^3 

.50,()'<0  {,.570,775  1.235.722   61,974  •.i-2:) 

•i,22(l,073  1,973,105  4.058,427  5,950,541 47085i 

1,218,81 1  2,7.59.928  3,307,090  •-'.8.52,4418,441 

2,301,M-27;0,281,577    ..   a.(i4-.l, 

•  ..    •2,901.778  7,985,6-28  •  ..   .1,249, 


589 
761 
-29 
.559 
550 
10(1 
920 
317 
148 
.524 


284, 
048, 
7.57, 

0-2. 
121, 

31, 

788; 

709, 
370, 


•228 

470 

201  1 

101 

391 

()05 

0.50  i' 

•^61 

320 


8.50,331 

717,400 

,2-*(l,807 

H19 

4,425 

10,330 

,29i72;t3 

721,891 

S5I,H0 

880,8(i8 


1,7^*0.007 
1,354,000 
3,011,^224 
7 
0 
2,315 

3,0l7),.5(T9 
1.354,000 
1.780,101 
1,099,724 


2,505     114.5-. 

903        ;)3.0( 

1,895  1,110,0; 

44 


1.895  1,119.0> 

0113        33.0! 

2.510      I14,.5-. 

2.832     207,8( 


TABLE   NO.  n— I  I'  FKKUWrr. 


.  I)\isin 


.tH44  i 
.    H45f.i 
.    1S40S' 
.    H  14  i 

,  1845  J. ; 

.    1-16 S 


2,010 

480 

1  000 

900 


:i,000 
300 


15 


941 


1,600 
1,118 
1,545 
HO 
2,658 

015 

205 

02 

5,503 

•• 

•• 
129 
.-)Ui 

" 

3,520^  4,770 

4,050;  4,857 

I  71, .562 

•2,016,  . . 

03  3,931 

45'  . . 


194 


033  120 


••  j^    ;;  : 


I        I. 


2,0101 

5,3  lOi 

1.000' 
2  Hi 0,190 
3.13.5,010! 
3.117,310 
3.1  10.009 

:t,  1 40,0.511 


1  1,-72    2.H22  41)6 


•279 


250 


2,035 
2,21 


I         fi,:)80| 

••        I 


30'     .. 

73     .. 

107     . . 

34     .. 

75     . . 

92     .. 

10     .. 

.. 

9      .. 
(iO      .. 

.  .• 

' 

34      .. 

13      .. 

0      .. 
7 

3      .. 

3   ! ! 

10 


»08,8.'W 


109,100 
84.3  11 

.5H,Hfi 
5H.I-0 

H  I,  '  I   I 


9ii3-!5  14. 
nn..5-0,13 

jli.OOtt'lH, 

lli.dlltl  |(i 

13T..'>H|l  13. 


140 


(125 
0.55 
0.55 
025 

lOil  109  00,3-25  1  1.140, 

45,012       151,4801  l'2.42ei 


12       .. 

0 

'31        '.'. 

1  1             0 

■;o          9 

43       .. 

.17; 


■i.  1 ;  7 


1,785| 

02 

3,7761 

0,337 

1,671' 

6,090 

•2.0-24 

5.2  H 

3,4K2, 
1   171 

1.2-.'H 

3.1  12 

lo,-:5i 

7.25H 

7. ..(15 

1,700 

5,3  10 

9,930 

0,H7H 

2011 


5,726 

1.770 

,. 

90      . . 

1,113    10.H-2:t 

,     , 

203      . . 

45    73,779 

,     ^ 

375      . . 

li2  20(i.  1.52 

2.360 

10.9H2      .. 

10,-*00;illH,  II!) 

:i,3I0 

OH           :l 

l.il4(l2Hfi.(i;UI 

7,222; 

101              1 

43 

1,90!  :".0,400 

7.2-2^2i 

370            1 

43 

1  l.013'!»t!l.->7-2 

3,310 

271            3, 

,    , 

5,8:)H  20rt,-222 

2,306 

11,072      ..     1 

,    , 

166;       . . 

•2.27.5I 

7,.50h|     . .     1 

•i,1*i 

U  IIU  ,|iHl 

Itlrli.m  WilM 

iiaUo  Ittftwcuii 

'iirk  itiiil  lluoiti,  or  k'tw't 

<  (1  Hill 

t  and  deBCription  of  Property,  received  at  and  shipped  from  Buffalo,  on  the  ERIE  CANAL,  in  the  years  1843,  1844,  1845,  and  184« 


AfJitici  i/ri  lii:. 


Kruur. 
ItirruU. 

'         Wli-nt. 
Hn.'li.'U. 

Vl.dKI'AUI.h     rUDII. 

ni-  :      Unrley.    )nU»T~<lrain. 


f)f)ft,71(l   l.^H!) 
07 


.J40,il4 

4(14,029  2()->,'iUl 
.189,-JOO  1,000,0171 
:)73,401     ■i,!l,003' 


9401 


109,-207 

:i;i,oo» 

511,904, 


iiii.iiei»  I 


iO"),H5'^ 

•2.')r),]'27 

•  •         i 

^ , 

[i,-.4,:H9 

4H-).0(i-2 

,  , 

.. 

7,15-24 

472,502 

(i,487 

479,272 

.  , 

, , 

•22,992 

771,194 

•  • 

15,;U3 

4,.');iO 

157,(i(i8 

,  , 

,. 

2,S04 

l^i0,552 

^  , 

ir),9l.-. 

:iu,9il 

•24,104 

2:t5, 1 9 1 

1,210 

5,2(i2 

:i7,7:i5 

108,225 

lllO 

9:i,007 

4;t7,oio 

4  1(1 

555,250 

1(W 

^iry.i 

3,520 

,   , 

;»,:i:i4 

,   , 

500 

7,222 

1,991 

. . 

4,084 1 

•2,904| 

77,202 


5,095 


5!1,2I5 


i'i..v  nils,- 

I    5941  " 
•    412 
,2,443  I 
!    310  ' 

270 
2,295 


I'miiioi-i, 


{IlritHi   Fruit 
>      i'liiiiiih.      I 

~  7" '1707339 

41(1  0.0471 
113!270,942 
..  I  1,011 
150        .. 

10      2,415 
..     !     3,749 


A I 
Cotttm. 
riimijii. 


h  (ITIlKk'AliRIC'riL'rUKAl 

T     T f,..' 


Clo.  A  Or.  Heptl    yiii% 


3,07!)/   27,398 


18,451 
1,718 


:i50,331 

717,400 

i80,897 

849 

4,425 

10,330 

29T72i)3 

721,891 

<ol,lKO 

S80,808 


1,7M( 
1,354 
3,011 


3,(il3 
1.354 
1.780 
1,099 


,097 
990 
,224 
7 
0 
,31^5 

.509 

990, 

,104 

24 


2,505 

903 

1,895 

44 


1,895 

903 

2.549 

2.832 


;l,l(in 


20 

25 
IH 

182 
27 


0|  .. 

20J  . . 

525 

0  1 10 

18,  .. 

. .     I 

3,040!  323 

..     i  4,012 


00 


204,3(il 

580,404 

3,104,508 


21,991 

3,8Sil 
20,!10;i 


1,902 


982 


2,485,211 

2,109,401 

937,795  843,171 

531,050     13,001 

201,0091     0,131 

(18,8  |(i 

8,580 

9,000 

4,015 

3,i00 

9,785 

2,100 

100,120 

19.505 

3.5.710 

9.909 

18,050 


305,501 


19,330 


114.529       ..     '     0,402 
33.009       ..     ;     2.904 
1,119,089    3,(i83j  181,991;' 
55)      1,829,1 
25       ..  0,130 

•  •  . .  3,905 

l,lTa(i89  ~3,G83  i87j.890; 
33,094       ..  9.010' 

114,.529  r)5       8.J31  1 

207,800  ■         11     22  09(i 


1 

::  1 

;; 

.. 

. , 

911'} 

181,224 

,  , 

S95 

3,212      0,510 

-' 

,008 

107  283,309 

5,045 

101 

102    12,048 

3,26() 

092 

213      1,327 

2,.550 

197 

001      7,123 

2.550  1 

,205 

771  290,492 

3.200  1 

,5^*7 

3,455      7,8:i7 

.5,045 

927 

102  193,272 

9,911'- 

,179 

05 

144,219 

210, 
008, 
2.52,983  2,511, 


1.52 

349^ 
i380 


i 


252,983 


2,511, 
008, 
210, 

1,779, 


380 
319 
1.52 
499 


3,l:)8,582  110.341 

2,427,.570  13.3,27! 

l,018..52(i93(M»22 

109,900     10,141 

.5i>,7(>0    51,2^4 

20,>*97    41,774 

f,ti09,423  971,790 

2,H7,330  184.503 

3,2  18.4«s  12(i.482 

2,000.794  787,009 


30 
73 
107 
34 
75 
92 
10 
9 
09 

34 

13' 
0 


'  5,'l'3i( 

2:348' 

478 

2 

O 

3-25 

16 
12 


..     I  lOO' 

230    73.70(t 

76    ei,850j 

2,8821 

81 123,504! 

35I   12,396 

3,230 

7!l,n21 

26,879{ 

3,339 

9,951' 

9,900' 

3,530! 
9,567' 


2,139 
3,820 


14 


2,300 
3,:(10' 

7.232| 
3,3101 
2,3li0; 

2,2i5l 


3 

mi 

203 

375 

10,!)82 

OH 

101 

370 

271 

11,072 

7,.5(W[ 


:125| 
5,1411 

4;!i( 

4,042' 

5.872, 
5,7.59! 

131     0,2.53 

11,0|:(' 

1,907] 

2,424,         171 


2S307' 

12,201 

19,699, 

7,839 

279 

230' 

Qfi,.-)9-| 

7,533 

9,975 
2,014 

I 
291 


888: 


4,848 
019 


475 

5|-.i 

520 

3,009 


1,.522 
11,807 
77,743 

1,193 

10.133 

4,305 


190    10,037 
2,447 
294 


970 


504 


0,006  i  I 

2,.553 
1,893! 


1,211 


131 


3,248|      , . 

'. '.    \ii',m\ 

8,310,4,5,351, 

8,.58-.l 

.  .      I  '8,5-i8j 

10,501;  15,3.51 1 

..       44,1331 

1.000'8,5,524l 


19 

12 

fi 

348 
29 

41 

3(i7 

0 

32 


..     ;     9,441 

23-<  28!),(!llOi      2,439 

111120,004;      3K-20 

30    13,0541    45,210 

1.4(iM517,993>    4-*,475 

3,002  1  17,791' I  10.(i30 

3,20(i2lN,395J  123.450 

1,700  ■<07. 5911     50,',l|  1 

30    2J,19.".|     15.2  l(i 

180!  25,693i(^S)  . . 


28.537 

58,352 

2!),514 

32,515 

02 ,11 1  J 

I22,.570 

152,090 

120  301 

01,0.52 

100,072 


3.000 

.5,390 

l,!120 

4.801 

0,102 

|-<,5.-,3 

.50,173 

1 1 ,55!^ 

0,870|- 

2,43s, 


190  \\ 


fi,887il 

15,013 

:i,7(!4 

('..•iOO 

19  172 

H,!ll!) 

190  ll.i,7l3 

35,085 

12.183 

..      i   10.704 


l.!t92 
17,810 
5  -toil 
5,800 
17,840 
4  !l!)2 
4,775 


l,I4i»,3!)3i 

1,032,022: 

843,274i 

1,984,0331 

1,44.5,947; 

l,304,04li 

1,593,5341 

l,6.59,065j 

1,803,120' 

3,0,32,386! 

4,114,877; 

4,791.154 

372,5141 

117,.5(i0l 

109,014 

53,008 

55,840 

70,805! 

15,.553! 

5,2581 

10,69l! 

5,907  i 

370 


35.5121 

0,305 

19,090 

4.5,015 

34,2 15 

30,.597| 

;8,3(i0.053!' 

070  8,482.5471 

|9,0IT,0(N: 

2,400!    .578,2951 

l,liri,008,«25j 

10,04'M'i:<! 

2.0-'l  9,191,37  .' 

2,100  "*,-<:t8,94- 

470  7.!t30,()5:'i 


4,4^0 

18,807 


20,000 


420,0H2| 
393,321 
464,37o! 
298,180| 
404,.522i 
505,097: 
443,722 
755,512; 
471,013 
500,015! 
420.393 
42t.00(i 
122,27(i 
H7,240 
132,505 
l,978i 
5,105; 
40,81.5 


98' 

I 

20o| 

1.5,724 


4,180' 

3-*,-<07 

M.57,lOO 
72,019 


liosmi 

jsoi.smi 
I7 17,97s 


Ju  liL>twocri  Turk  iinil  UuL'iti,  or  Ik-imti  11  Uiatur  ikmI  l.nrti- 


I  I'riiu'iiuiily  llciiip. 


I  LnnI  Uil, 


J  No  t'ntum  I'lulory  jii  llullalo  111  l-li). 


I  fruvi'itiatu  I'-lilall  Murcliuiiiliiii' |m,il  lullsnt  u  iiilIIii,  llilsyi'nrn  rcilucliiili  anil  ili<«imliiiili,pii  h;n  hi'i'ti  iiiaili.'. 


20, 
isl. 


31 
11. 


199. 

13:t, 

0.-T49;; 

75.421.. 


..      5-^2.094     2,'),  I'., 
..      ■500,.572;    _    ., 
..      .50Tr572i 
..      •5s-.:091;  ion.-:):; 
..     7^0,492     9;',,ii-;-J 
1.20.^731,324|    Hf.-'Mii, 


21,7  1(1 
2V72 

18,77- 
20,38.:, 

'•'.OlD. 
s,-l;v.i. 

(),51l. 
7,973, 

4,(i(i:i. 
5,370, 

1.479. 
2,07 

41(1. 
l,3ti- 


Ox!*. 


kved  at  and  shipped  from  Buffalo,  on  the  ERIE   CANAL,  in  the  years  1843,  1844,  1845,  and  1846. 


I    I-..  *.    Rll!!. 

413 
i.US  I 

■J7(i 


t.Ki.-. 


ALL  OTIiKK  At 

Coltiin.       •         Ti>l>ni-ro. 


41(1 
1131: 

1-1(1 
Hi 


I7(i,;i3!) 
(!.l)J7 

•27(1,942 
1.011 

•J.ll'ii 
•J,74!) 


•JU4,:»(il 
I  r)S(),4(i4 
|2,104,COe 


•^1.901 

:i,8s!) 
2(),iiti:i 


18, 


1 S-2      2,(i4(V 


110 


;v23 

4,01-' 


1,902 


932 


Rli;l  LTUKAI.  I'KlililU; 

Llo  AUi.  »vri\    FU«  gfttj.'l 

rv;;.»i.._jf  I'™;,,...  f 

2,4»r),21li   S(),()(J1 

2,109,401126,73:) 

937,79.'.  843,1711 

531,(i'i(!|   13,001 

261.009j     0,121 

f)8,810| 

8..''>80| 

0,000! 

4,01.'-.' 

3,10(»i 

9,78.-.l 

2.100. 

100.120' 

10..^)fi.-)j 

3.-..71(l 

0,9ll!l 

18,050 


l'„»i><U 

17,304 
1,770 
1,14.-. 

3,8-<l 
2  000 


20..'J3J 


53,323 


23,219 

423 

10,832 


60 


252,923 


305,501 


19,320 


2,101 


lli>mri>lJC 

42,.')  1 3 

2.-.2.2ri8 

225,548 

9,2.58 

18,308 

50,(i97 

128 

4,000 


800 
17,220 

2,0(i3 


•JUh 

80.-. 

:i,(»08 

lOJ 

092 

197 

;,C'>5 

|l,.'-.>i7 
927 


3,212 
107 
102 
243 
004 

"Tri 

3,4.")--> 

102 

05 


191,224:  ..  I 
0,510 

283.3(19  2.52,983 

12,018,       . .      i 

1,327^       ..      I 

7.123'       ..  _ 

29(),4l)2  252,98'3 

7,837 
193,272 
144,219 


210,1.52 

008,349 
.',511,380 


2,511,380, 
(i08,349 
210.1.52 

1.779.499 


3,138,582 

2,427,570 

i,048..-)20 

109.900 

59,700 

20,897 

l7ie9;423 

2,4-^7,330 

3.248.4«8 

2.000.794 


116.341, 

13;),279 

930,022 

10,141i 

51,284 
4_U74! 

184.563 
120.482 
T'<7,609 


21,185 

4,430 

1.145 

845 

"'27iT8 

4,430 
22.030 
23,730 


1  52,<i99: 
270.()50 
299..528 
I  10,053 
!     1,080, 

24^397 
32;M>25 
272,33(i 

09,352 
198,828 


reathrr       I 

225U15 

071  8.52 

805,249i 

4,288 

00  099 

37.220. 

20,073j 


4,225 


3,471 

20.401  ■ 

29.893! 

3,200 

29.380i 

(i.5.105 


10.492 
14,191 


}l  t  M  V.\«   I  i  U 

B..«. 

UAr  Rnil  I'll 

tUl'.tT 

nftQ-r 

Kuiiiitiiri.. 

Lo.1.1. 

Vi$  iMin.     1       1 

nil. 

I'.mii.l,. 

FdiiiiiU. 

I'ijiiiiiIh.       1    I'u 

mil 

277,102 

.  , 

o.oool 

,  , 

2.-.0,011 

.  , 

143  518; 

209,904 

,  , 

308; 

,  , 

183.407 

.  , 

.  •           1 

280.07() 

,  , 

,  , 

410,.-).-.-J 

(!.99>i 

K770 

,  , 

23,003 

2,012 

54,021 

.7 1,-32 

i 

48.490 

,   , 

•  ■ 

,  , 

21.12S 

121,ll(i 

•  >      ' 

,  , 

09,371 

273  555 

02,58(1 

509,2(i>' 

..      1 

.. 

10,1.57 

I 

31,057 

, , 

, , 

27,007 

, , 

13  89U 

, , 

19  125 

.  >      ' 

11.01)9 

'io.iiooi:) 

510 

8,50 

■  • 

) 

•• 

250 

'.'. 

!!    i 

•• 

829 

■ 

•• 

12.085 

,  * 

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I'liUDila. 


232 

830, 

1,(119, 

129 

253,' 

IH 

iT37, 

l.OiU) 

302, 

108; 


593 

897 
354 
8(>() 
051 
002; 
35() 
548 
159 
980! 


5,719j    _  . 

7)30,238; 'T2( 

720.049 

782,((71 

370,7.52 

.527,715 

395,2021 


l.-.-J      ((,000       .. 
345  3-<7  1  13,518       . . 
510.204    22,07-'  13,510 
.50.1051      .. 

H,oi)o;   .. 


l,177,273i.    510,204    22.078,13,510 
1,2.54,704      3|5.3-i7  101,518       .. 

900,91)0      120,1. -18    5(i,l(i5:       .. 

594..574  1,531,334    10,40:)       .. 


24,338; 

10,807' 

2,809; 

3(10 

082! 

l,014i 


10,020 
1,905 


400 


24,729 
17,849  10,920 
4.474|  2,305 
52,702  . .  I 
15.931)'  0,223' 
8;),328'  2.747!  1 
87,802  ~5i052ll 
33,770'23,143| 
77,43(i;  . .  I 
87,759;  3,929! 


208 


8illt. 

luuhfli. 


208 


945 
1,198; 
1,198" 
1,213 


Puumla. 

"48,060 
02,722 

1 1,982 
15,292 

1,859 
9,520 

1,781 

284 

1,078 
2,254 

1,140 
5,004 


00,505. 
9.5,236 

1.57.018 
199,919 


295,195, 
224,123; 
107.309 


10 
12 


230 

76| 

I 

s\ 

35i 


.? 


100 

73,700 

01,S5S 

2.882I 

122,5041 

12,390 

3,220 

"7<),<.>2l 

20,8791 

3,2391 

9,951 ' 

9.900 

3,f>30l 
9,567 


2,439 
3,820 


2S307 

12,201 

19.099, 

i 

7,*39 

279 

230 

7,.522 

9,975' 
2,014 

••        I 
201, 


888 


004 


4,849; 
919 


475 

54«j 

520 

2009; 


' 

9.411 

28.537 

2.009 

I't 

238--!89,((il0       2.439 

5H.3.52 

5,390 

12 

11112(1,004       3 -JO 

29.5 1  I 

1,920 

0 

30     13,054     45,210 

32,515 

4.801 

IH 

l,4(i"<  517,993    4-<.475 

02.012 

0,102 

J  9 

3.092  1  k"  791  119(130 

122,.570 

IM.,553 

11 

3.UO(J20-.-    '.■■1123.450 

15i.090 

.50,173 

ii'>7 

1.700 -07 ..5111.,    50,914 

120  30  1 

11. .55-* 

0 

30    22.495     15,210 

01,0.52 

0,870 

32 

180    2.5.093  (§)  . . 

100,072 

2.42« 

190 


1,522 
11,807 
77,743 

1.193 

16,133 

4,365 

16,037 


2,447 
294 

0,006 

2,.5.-.3 
1,893 

1,211 


970 


1,149,3931 
1,032,022| 

843,274 
1,984,0331 
1,445,947 
1,204.041 
1,. 593,534 
1,0511. (i(i:> 
1,803,120 
;l,0.32,3-<(i' 
1,114,87  7 
4,791,1.54 

372.514 

117,500! 

199.014' 
53.110'* 
55.-10 
70,805 

15.553 

5,259' 

10.091 

5,907 

370 


190 


190 


.  • 

•  •      1 

,  , 

2.5.512 

•• 

1 

•  ■ 

0,305 
19,090 

•  ■ 

, , 

45,015 

.  •          ' 

.  •    ; 

,  , 

24,215 

'1 

.. 

20,.597 

.5,887 

, , 

8.200.053 

15,013 

970  H,  1-2.5  17 

121,704 

9.017,00-: 

0,290 

4.992 

2.100      57H.295 

19,472 

17,«10 

1,111  l,0(l-,-'25. 

H,919 

5  -101) 

1    032,3351 

1  13.713 

5  too 

9,049,1)  l:t 

35,085 

17,"<I0 

2,0-1  0,191, ;172 

12,183 

•I  '.nn 

2,  KIO-,-!-,!!!- 

10.704 

4,775 

47( 

7.930.05:' 

4,480 
18,807 


20,0((0' 


420.982 
393,321, 
464,370 
298,180; 
■101  .522 
.505,097 
443,722 
7.55,51i> 
471,013 
.500.015 
■120.393 
■121.000 
122.270 
117,210 
132,595 
1,978 
5.195! 
4(*,815 


98 

209 
1.5,724 


20 


470j 
,730' 


jinlUil.  ;  .No  CoVtnn  Kacicjry  in  liullaio  in  IriJ.  I'rtn'HH  i'l  1-1"  oil  .Morcliondm'  panl  tolls  nl  U  iinll>,  ilim  ymr  n  ri'ilic'tlun  anil  di- 'r 


4,480       . 

.       I.7W0,723, 

3"t,807,      . 

.      2.207.125 

. . 

.      2,051.28(1 

-57,100 

5,50  8(t'J 

72,01!)       . 

005  921 

. . 

710.700 

.      2,705,04ft 

110— n        . 

.     2.->13.(l4" 

-)>1.— 0 

.      2,3  »3,.5«.5 

747.97- 

.    li,N>,>!i,;,aii 

■nil  ili"'ri(niti;iti<itt  Un%  bii9  nnMv, 

21,740,9131 
2-,.572,729; 

1-.778,111 
20,282,001 

-,040.087 
■^,439,93.". 

0,.54l.495 
7,973,7.55 

4.0('i3,149 
5,370,014 

1,479,854 
2,079,322 

410,967 
1,368,.508 

27.728 
089,227 

20,3.59 
1-1,003 


,22,8; 

ll,9i 
7,51 
6,61 
4,7 
1,5 
9 
5 


31,3731 

14,0.53 
l.(i«l 

199, 902 
433,790 

6.-,493,x7« 
1.420,303 

.57,1 
78(),»92     2-.l'"4,-2- 
5-2.091,    25.4«7,tHi5 
.500,572  ..  W.  1 

..'     5»« '►72'  '       7.  7a.<. 

..       — i«W4   10»  ■*«3,  I2K 

..    '.-nt.nn    ir,j,n'  ;ouj 
I  ,a<m  '« 1 .444    •»■  /Mi>,»»ol 


345,  and  1846. 


2(i8 


8«ll. 
Kii>rit>la. 


20'? 


<T  'I  Mll.l.«. 

P.UIII.Il. 


4H,()50 
03,7-2-i 

11,98'. 
lr),29i 

i,8r)0 
i»,r.-iO 

1,T81 

•js-i 

1,078 
•J.-Jol 

1,1  l(i 
5,(101 


ATHMII.La. 
Pomiili. 

65,500 

i»,(i;io 

f),4Vl 

i,i;jo 

10,7S(1 


iMKiMJilAIVUINE.  I 


Sugar.  )     'Molnmrii. 


I'ouniU 


Huiindl. 


I'liunds 


AT  f.  Mll.1,8. 


W«il««nd8piket'  Iron  anVl  "«te«l.         Crdckaiy. 


I'oiKiJi. 


i'liiiriJ,. 


00,.'jU5! 

o.'j.aae' 

157,618 
19!),i)19 


•J!)5,1S.") 
2J4.1-2:i 
107,30!) 


96,303l 

80,4741 
T7liV777;" 


ily.  V  CI'/ 


OTHEB  AK-rmi^KN. 


Sti>'i«,  Liiiieiiiil 
('lay. 

H03~878 

881,155 
1,004,777 

4,'.J19 
5,137 

85 
2,183 
5,077 

8iJ5 


1,04-i 
4,.5«8 


210 


0,231 

248,400 
222 


5,273 
2,583 


1,703,410 
3,273,940 


2,813,007 

2,953,127 

4,314,120 

l,l.'i0,587 

l,042,t*10 

2,38.-1,307 

202,7!V4 

93,517 

250,338 

30,037 

41,740 

I47,'254 

23«,;)00 

274,l:{8 

!;'50,085 

32,039 

li:  2,035 

214,946 

'2  4'2Jj 
(t)  01 9^4 15 
805,980 


8()9,555! 

892,5!J9j 

1,019,247] 

7G,-230 

10,912,351: 

2,954,719 

73^37900 " 

11,804,950 

945,785 

3,180,483 


210 


1,378 
6,410 


0,231 

1.951.810 

3,274,102 

9.500 

3,040 


(;) 


6,410 

1,594 

I 

1,669| 


3,-274,162 

1,954,85(1 

15,731 

2.000| 


47,170 
2,603 

150 

6,5  k; 

11,737 

4.480,329 
5,211,008 
8,754,970 
2,317,898 
1.033,327 
1.954,027 
10,705,597 
0,844,395 
0,798,227 
5,303,882 


21,740,9131 

2''',.572,729| 

18,778,lll! 
20,282,00r 

I         •  •        ! 

>',040.fi87J 
■?,4a9,935! 

,     (),541.495 
j     7,973,7.55 

I     4,603,149 
'     5,370,014 

i     1,479,854] 
:     2,079,3221 

410,907 

l,3(i8,.-,0-i 


27,728 
fl89,-227! 

'2(),3.59: 
H  1,003 


;22,854,192 


!  11,9.50,044 


31,373j 

i  .1,0.53 
l.««t 

1 '.'9.902 
433,790 


0.-,493,H7« 
75,42(1,303 


..      78(»,192;    2-.lHl,M''M 

!     ..     .5-i2.094:    25.4«7,mi5 

..     .500,572 


7,5,56,705 
6,60.5,513 
4,790,328 
1,54'8',59U 
919,239 
57V,774 

loV,273| 

••        J 

"is-s, 

■-   ! 

5Ajr70i 


3,139,620 
2,470,153 
1,092,726 
1,370,858 
436,824 
252,663 

1,323 


1,632,249 
1,.523,622 
717,4fi8 
810,423 
262,633 
147,822 


234, 


IU»ft|        1,108 


3,128,810 

1,160,'201 

097,901 

751.672 

759,037 

■225,305 

100 

044 


833,084 

981,88'3 

507,764 

539,172 

129,460 

78,122 

98 

972 


1,358,997 

1,103,891 

475,510 

804,322 

230,050 

160,109 

1.5,089 

14,245 

3,212 


1,006,7751  46,472 


797,762 


509,.5Ol 


7,197 
20,505 


3,720 


300 


■)7. 192,41 1    8.77.5,002  .5,09.5.  IIO"!,:;!!,!  10 


13,6.52 


520,829 
373,118 
101,100      5,488 

11,197 

.  „.W2 


.5BS,.55il  10,000i 
900,540;  34,700' 
1,091,100!  30,040 
169,(l31j  ..  i 
247.213,  8.5,770 
391,203]     1,.'»99 

80,058 

98,175 

77,438 

47,940 

52,.5()2 

18,495 

22,384 

7«,433 
.  4-2,249 

27,495 

51.284 

129,300 

200 


130; 
3,530 

17  310 


69,200| 

•■     i 

1,020S 

132,5001 


1,910 


350 
094 


1,800 
345J 


20,880 
144,000 


2,071,401 
1,392,401 


4,179,(183 
2,109,891 


»«.43'2,8(Mi   2,'*«l«.trt(i,|,3.H,47H  l,;tl9,215 

..     .''Xii;  572!  ^      v.  73t4«2.5,2l7  »r  1^1^498  (VI43.W'^'^]M,t(r,;i;;i55'T7;r(j;t,TJj5;«^^^^ 

..      .■-T.4«4i  l(>»i»*tt3,42K  .,  ,.  ...  I 

..    '.'^K.mi   ^Ati'im]       ..     i       ..  ..  ,°    '.       "I 


1,906 

3,000; 
230       ..         114,000 

J770 .^_| 0,041 .^ 

..  ..  9'22,2.5'j    10,e()0     201,700 

. .  . .  1,437,807  124,590     2.5^,(;09 

3,943,000    70,062;    2,3(;2,H2    33,078       2:,!M)0 

..      '        ..      i21.51(;i(il  139.012  5, 4(>9.3(il 

.  .       I  35.(l!l(>.590  30-<,5-13  1,901. 391 

854,797  20,002, 10  I  •.'27,727  (i,05s,-;()(i 


83,755 

482,028 

240,084 

228,008 

943,537 

18(),<31 

35,l)(i2 

318,098 

198,093 

154,449 

352,136 

113,936 

10,594 

8,064 

9,184 

1,423 

9,300 

86,202 

5,540 


1,045 

2,865 

14,024 


85  1,000 
4^7077:2(1 


51.5,43(1 
2,l2'i,07>< 
85  1,35  f 
3,25  1,720 
4,453,525 
2,077,050 

034,459  2-<,30  l.-'t^^O  20(),8()5  (i.(ls(MiTio  ~2~,'(T;W,ll'o  j 
..  :  3;, 134,457  193,179  .5,-i-22,991  0,570.203 
..  |j22,13M2(l  119,0 12. 5,(i7 1,001  3,770.I(i2 
..      P  7,717.201    00,112  1,023.191       1,71S.259 


SlKim  J'rffs  of  Jem/I,  'riinmiiii  .V  Co.  Cummcnidl  Adi-crliatr  (Iffii-i;  Ijuffalo. 


